Agronomy: Five crop researchers who could change the world

Marris, Emma

doi:10.1038/456563a

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…is a major food crop, widely grown around the world under diverse climatic conditions (Marris, 2008) and classified as non-mycotrophic or mycotrophic according to the structure and composition of its genome (Hetrick et al, 1993). A total of 237 million ha of wheat was grown in 2012, yielding over 670 million t of grain (FAOSTAT, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of wheat to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: A meta-analysis of field studies from 1975 to 2013

Pellegrino

Öpik

Bonari

et al. 2015

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

222

126

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of wheat to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: A meta-analysis of field studies from 1975 to 2013

Pellegrino

Öpik

Bonari

et al. 2015

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

222

126

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“…Conidia were recovered from infected plants 7 days postinoculation (dpi), 1 transferred to a 1.5 ml-polypropylene microcentrifuge tube, and stored at Ϫ80°C until protein extraction. Denaturing extraction buffer (350 l) was added to 35 mg of conidia.…”

Section: Barley and B Graminis Cultures-barley Plants (Hordeum Vulgarismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This will entail the development of new classes of fungicides, introgression of novel disease resistance genes, and possibly the engineering of a specific biological control through enhancement of disease tolerance and resistance. Understanding the biology and virulence of plant pathogenic fungi is essential to meet this challenge (1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Planta Proteomics and Proteogenomics of the Biotrophic Barley Fungal Pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei>

Bindschedler

Burgis

Mills

et al. 2009

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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To further our understanding of powdery mildew biology during infection, we undertook a systematic shotgun proteomics analysis of the obligate biotroph Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei at different stages of development in the host. Moreover we used a proteogenomics approach to feed information into the annotation of the newly sequenced genome. We analyzed and compared the proteomes from three stages of development representing different functions during the plant-dependent vegetative life cycle of this fungus. We identified 441 proteins in ungerminated spores, 775 proteins in epiphytic sporulating hyphae, and 47 proteins from haustoria inside barley leaf epidermal cells and used the data to aid annotation of the B. graminis f. sp. hordei genome. We also compared the differences in the protein complement of these key stages. Although confirming some of the previously reported findings and models derived from the analysis of transcriptome dynamics, our results also suggest that the intracellular haustoria are subject to stress possibly as a result of the plant defense strategy, including the production of reactive oxygen species. In addition, a number of small haustorial proteins with a predicted N-terminal signal peptide for secretion were identified in infected tissues: these represent candidate effector proteins that may play a role in controlling host metabolism and immunity.

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“…Wheat is one of the world's most widely-grown crops, providing staple food for one third of the human population. It is cultivated under different climatic conditions and agricultural systems, and consequently with variable yield responses [4]. The current average global grain yield is 3.3 t ha −1 , a value that should be almost doubled to meet future food demands [5].…”

Section: Of 21mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Field Inoculation with VAM and Bacteria Consortia on Root Growth and Nutrients Uptake in Common Wheat

et al. 2018

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This study investigated the effects of a commercial biofertilizer containing the mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis and the diazotrophic N-fixing bacterium Azotobacter vinelandii on root and shoot growth, yield, and nutrient uptake in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in order to improve the sustainable cultivation of this widespread crop. The trials were carried out in controlled conditions (rhizoboxes) and in open fields over two years to investigate the interaction between inoculation and three doses of nitrogen fertilization (160, 120 and 80 kg ha−1) in a silty-loam soil of the Po Plain (NE Italy). In rhizoboxes, efficient root colonization by R. irregularis was observed at 50 days after sowing with seed inoculation, together with improved root tip density and branching (+~30% vs. controls), while the effects of post-emergence inoculation by soil and foliar spraying were not observable at plant sampling. In the open, field spraying at end tillering significantly increased the volumetric root length density (RLD, +22% vs. controls) and root area density (+18%) after about two months (flowering stage) in both years under medium and high N fertilization doses, but not at the lowest N dose. In absence of inoculation, RLD progressively decreased with increased N doses. Inoculation had a negligible effect on grain yield and N uptake, which followed a typical N dose-response model, while straw Zn, P, and K concentrations were seldom improved. It is concluded that medium-high N fertilization doses are required to achieve the target yield and standards of quality (protein contents) in wheat cultivation, while the use of this mixed VAM-PGPR biofertilizer appears to be a sustainable mean for minimizing the adverse effects of chemical N fertilizers on root expansion and for improving the uptake of low-mobility nutrients, which has potentially relevant environmental benefits.

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Agronomy: Five crop researchers who could change the world

Cited by 18 publications

References 3 publications

Responses of wheat to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: A meta-analysis of field studies from 1975 to 2013

Responses of wheat to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: A meta-analysis of field studies from 1975 to 2013

In Planta Proteomics and Proteogenomics of the Biotrophic Barley Fungal Pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei>

Effects of Field Inoculation with VAM and Bacteria Consortia on Root Growth and Nutrients Uptake in Common Wheat

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