AI Applications in the Criminal Justice System: The Next Logical Step or Violation of Human Rights

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is impacting almost every aspect of our lives, and automated decisions have begun to replace human decisions. Recently, criminal justice has also turned to AI to reduce crime rates and achieve effective action on the ground. Artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms (ML) could predict and track crimes and criminals. In addition, they could be used in criminal courts. However, there is ample evidence that the application of this technology has affected basic human rights. In several countries, law enforcement agencies (LEAs), i.e., government agencies responsible for law enforcement, have begun using these technologies despite concerns about the presence of bias in the results and invasion of citizens' privacy. This research paper provides an overview of some AI applications used in criminal justice to predict crimes and offenders, detect and investigate crimes, and assist judges in criminal courts. It also examines the human rights implications of using these applications in this system.