“…Unfortunately, the way that consumers view a product is quite different from the way product designers view that product (Bahn, Lee, Nam, & Yun, ; Lai, Lin, Yeh, & Wei, ). Whether consumers choose a product depends largely on their affective preferences of the product (particularly having a wide variety of appearances; Kwong, Jiang, & Luo, ; Lin, Chen, & Yeh, ; Seva, Duh, & Helander, ; Wang, ), while product designers design a product by considering its physical elements (Borsci, Kuljis, Barnett, & Pecchia, ; Lin et al., ).…”