AIDS retrovirus antibodies in hemophiliacs treated with factor VIII or factor IX concentrates, cryoprecipitate, or fresh frozen plasma: prevalence, seroconversion rate, and clinical correlations

Abstract

Antibodies to the AIDS retrovirus, specifically to human T cell lymphotropic virus, type III, and AIDS-associated retrovirus, were detected with increasing prevalence in a population of 190 hemophiliacs from western Pennsylvania between 1981 and 1984: 7.7% in 1981, 20.0% in 1982, 45.5% in 1983, and 62.5% in 1984. The seropositive included approximately three fourths of those receiving factor VIII concentrate, nearly one third of those receiving factor IX concentrate, nearly one fifth of those receiving cryoprecipitate, and none of those receiving fresh frozen plasma. The seroconversion rate, determined on 43 seropositive hemophiliacs from this group who were serially sampled, was 0% in 1977, 4.7% in 1978, 4.9% in 1979, 2.6% in 1980, 10.5% in 1981, 52.9% in 1982, 87.5% in 1983, and 100% in 1984. Of 27 seropositive for three or more years (since 1982 or before), four (15%) have developed AIDS and seven (26%), diffuse lymphadenopathy (ARC); of 16 seropositive for less than three years, none has developed AIDS and three (19%) have developed ARC. The mean time from seroconversion to onset of ARC, 0.8 +/- 0.2 years (SEM), was shorter (P less than .001) than the time to onset of AIDS, 4.1 +/- 0.6 years. These findings confirm the widespread presence of AIDS retrovirus and support the association of these retroviruses with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and related conditions.

Progression of HIV infection and mortality by hepatitis C infection in patients with haemophilia over 20 years

“…The imputation of the estimated date of HIV infection allows to make inferences on the approximate duration of HIV infection, although the absence of previous HIVnegative tests is associated with a level of uncertainty. However, the median date of estimated HIV infection, 1982, coincides with other estimations carried out by European and American cohorts [1,3,4,29]. Almost all haemophilics in La Paz hospital cohort were infected by HCV, although this could not be ascertained in a quarter of subjects before approaching treatment of HCV infection in this group of patients.…”

“…Patients with congenital bleeding disorders, especially those with factor VIII deficiency, have been exposed to a wide range of blood-borne viruses, among which the human immune deficiency virus (HIV) and the hepatitis C virus (HCV) have had a considerable impact on their overall survival [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. In the late 1970s and early 1980s in Spain, as in other parts of the world, a significant proportion of persons with bleeding disorders were infected by HIV and HCV through contaminated blood products, until the introduction of virus-inactivation procedures in 1985 [12,13].…”

Long‐term outcome of total hip arthroplasty in patients with haemophilia

“…The infection rate (6.1%) in our study was similar to comparable studies, but relatively high compared to THA in patients without haemophilia. Habermann [26,27].…”

The spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infection in patients with factor IX deficiency (Christmas Disease)

“…Jason and associates reported similar findings of 39% versus 74% seropositivity in factor IX and factor VIII concentrate users, respectively [5]. Thirty-three percent of factor IX concentrate users in Western Pennsylvania compared to 74 % of factor VIII recipients were seropositive [7]. Because of these studies it has been suggested that the frequency of HIV transmission may be lower with factor IX than with factor VIII concentrates [6].…”

“…The number of seropositive hemophiliacs who will eventually develop AIDS is unknown. Ragni and associates [7] reported that 15 % of hemophiliacs seropositive for 3 or more years developed AIDS and 26% had diffuse lymphadenopathy. Our patients have demonstrated a spectrum of clinical and laboratory findings suggestive of HTLV-I11 infection.…”