Aino Virus Antigen in Brain Lesions of a Naturally Aborted Bovine Fetus

Abstract

A bovine fetus aborted at 187 days of gestation was serologically and immunohistopathologically examined. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples had high titers of virus-neutralizing antibody for Aino virus. A severe necrotizing encephalopathy was noted. Aino virus antigen was demonstrated in neuroglial cells within the brain lesion. The destruction of developing neuronal cells appeared to be a significant feature of the pathogenesis of lesions due to Aino virus infection in the central nervous system.

Isolation of Aino Virus from an Aborted Bovine Fetus.

“…Additionally, AINOV antigen has also been confirmed in cytoplasm and perikarya of this brain stem lesion immunohistologically [11]. This suggests that the isolated AINOV may have caused these histopathological findings.…”

Epidemiology and Emergence of Schmallenberg Virus Part 1: Origin, Transmission and Differential Diagnosis

“…In naturally infected pregnant cattle, Aino virus has been associated with abortion [97], stillbirths, premature births and birth congenital malformation, including severe hydranencephaly [98] and/or arthrogryposis [99], unilateral cavitation in the cerebrum, microcephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia [92,93]. The type of abnormality seen can be related to the time of infection of the foetus [93]: early infection results in hydranencephaly and later infection results in arthrogryposis [99].…”

“…The type of abnormality seen can be related to the time of infection of the foetus [93]: early infection results in hydranencephaly and later infection results in arthrogryposis [99]. Scoliosis [93], sunken eyes, cataracts, maxillary retraction and dental irregularities are also clinical findings.…”

“…Chuzan virus is a member of Palymserogroup from genus Orbivirus, family Reoviridae, and itis closely related to the Akabane virus and Aino viruses [29,99]. Chuzan virus is transmitted between animals by insect vectors such as Culicoides spp.…”

Development of a DNA microarray platform for the detection of viruses transmitted by small mammals and arthropods

“…Simbu group affects livestock's ; Akabane virus is an exotic agent for severe congenital defects (Kirkland, 2002), Aino virus is associated with fetal defects in sheep and cattle (Noda et al, 1998), Schmallenberg virus manifesting the CNS of sheep and cattle (Wu et al, 2014) and Shuni virus causes of neurological disorders in horses (Van Eeden et al, 2014). …”