Air blast load generation for simulating structural response

Guzas, Emily; Earls, Christopher J.

doi:10.12989/scs.2010.10.5.429

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This also suggests that for a shock strength exceeding 7 bar, the ideal gas EOS cannot be used. Here, it should be noted that this limit of applicability of the ideal gas EOS is in line with the suggestion of Brode [12] and Guzas & Earls [13]. However, model II can predict the maximum value of reflection coefficient to be approximately 10.…”

Section: (A) Comparison Of Different Modelssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Brode [12] reported that for a peak over-pressure higher than 6.9 atm, the reflection coefficient measured by the ideal gas EOS is increasingly in error and should not be used. Guzas & Earls [13] also restricted the application of ideal gas EOS to a peak over-pressure below 6.9 atm in their proposed methodology for calculating load on structures subjected to air blast. Baker [11] reported that non-ideal behaviour, such as dissociation and ionization of gases, is responsible for such high values of for the reflection coefficient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-intensity air-explosion-induced shock loading of structures: consideration of a real gas in modelling a nonlinear compressible medium

Ghoshal

2015

Proc. R. Soc. A.

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ResearchCite this article: Ghoshal R, Mitra N. 2015 High-intensity air-explosion-induced shock loading of structures: consideration of a real gas in modelling a nonlinear compressible medium. The existing practice of designing air-blast-resistant structures relies on the ideal gas model. But this model predicts the maximum value of the reflection coefficient (ratio of the reflected to the incident pressure) to be 8, whereas it can go up to 20 or more as reported in the literature. To address this discrepancy, air medium is modelled as a real gas instead of an ideal gas, where the effect of intermolecular forces, vibration, dissociation, electronic excitation and ionization are included. Ranges of peak overpressure are identified where the ideal gas assumption cannot be used. Differences in impulse transmitted to the free-standing plates of different mass owing to relaxing of the ideal gas assumption and consideration of the real gas model are evaluated. Impulse transmitted to the structures for constant and variable back pressure (VBP) is also compared considering the real gas model. The result shows that for high-intensity shock, the ideal gas model under-predicts impulse transmitted to heavy plates but over-predicts the same for light-weight plates. Impulse transmitted to light-weight plates is also overestimated if VBP is neglected. The implications of this research are substantial for designing highintensity air-blast mitigating structures, which if not considered properly, may lead to compromise in structural performance.

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Section: (A) Comparison Of Different Modelssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-intensity air-explosion-induced shock loading of structures: consideration of a real gas in modelling a nonlinear compressible medium

Ghoshal

2015

Proc. R. Soc. A.

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“…As it was mentioned before using the incident impulse diagram causes a change in the TNT equivalency factor, which is used for calculating 𝑘 𝑟𝑒𝑓 . In this way it is obtained as 𝑘 𝑟𝑒𝑓 = ( 𝑊 𝑇𝑁𝑇−𝑒𝑞 𝑊 𝑚𝑎𝑡 ) 1 3 ⁄ [28]. In table 6 𝑘 = 𝐶𝑎𝑙_𝐼 𝑠𝑜 /𝑊 1/3 𝐼 𝑠𝑜 /𝑊 1/3 that it was discussed above.…”

Section: Validationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Numerical Prediction of Impulse and Overpressure for a Green High Energy Metal Organic Framework (HE-MOF) Using CFD

Noorpoor

Tavangar

Soury

et al. 2022

Preprint

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In this investigation, a geometry of three-block obstacles has been studied under the explosion of a green high-energy metal organic framework (HE-MOF) martial with the implementation of a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) domain. Control volume generated mesh in SnappyHexMesh was utilized with boundary conditions and initial values to resolve the system of equations in explosiveSonicFoam (a modified module of OpenFoam technology). The numerical simulation method was validated using the experimental data obtained by Kingery-Bulmash trinitrotoluene (TNT). The large eddy simulation (LES) method as a turbulence model and the Beker-Kistiakowsky-Wilson (BKW) model as a real gas equation of state were employed to enhance the accuracy of simulations. [Cu(Htztr)2(H2O)2]n was selected as HE-MOF due to its appropriate explosive specifications, which come from its special chemical structure. Pressure history on the domain has been measured at various points. TNT equivalency validation had shown a deviation error of 3–14% and 20% for overpressure and impulse, respectively in comparison with Kingery-Bulmash empirical data. Further, it was shown that block structures reduced 26.4% of peak incident pressure. The results of the current study suggested that HE-MOF produced an impulse of 2.5 and 2.28 greater than TNT in the non-obstructed and the obstructed sides of the explosion, respectively. Supersonic flow visualization clearly showed positive reflected and incident pressure surface. The comparisons between TNT and selected HE-MOF demonstrated higher blast wave intensity and under-effected areas of HE-MOF.

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“…Another widely used quantity to measure a blast's intensity, damage potential and energy is its impulse per crossectional area (Schnurr et al, 2020;Guzas & Earls, 2010;Kinney & Graham, 1985;Bush et al, 1946), which can be obtained as the time integral of the initial positive pressure peak of a microphone pressure curve as…”

Section: Radial Dependency Of Airborne Blast Pulsementioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental multiblast craters and ejecta — seismo-acoustics, jet characteristics, craters, and ejecta deposits and implications for volcanic explosions

Sonder¹,

Graettinger²,

Neilsen³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Blasting experiments were performed that investigate multiple explosions that occur in quick succession in the ground and their effects on host material and atmosphere. Such processes are known to occur during volcanic eruptions at various depths, lateral locations, and energies. The experiments follow a multi-instrument approach in order to observe phenomena in the atmosphere and in the ground, and measure the respective energy partitioning. The experiments show significant coupling of atmospheric (acoustic)- and ground (seismic) signal over a large range of (scaled)distances (30--330\m, 1--10\(\m\J^{-1/3}\)). The distribution of ejected material strongly depends on the sequence of how the explosions occur. The overall crater sizes are in the expected range of a maximum size for many explosions and a minimum for one explosion at a given lateral location. The experiments also show that peak atmospheric over-pressure decays exponentially with scaled depth at a rate of \bar{d}_0 = 6.47x10^{-4} mJ^{-1/3}; at a scaled explosion depth of \(4x10^{-3} mJ^{-1/3} ca. 1% of the blast energy is responsible for the formation of the atmospheric pressure pulse; at a more shallow scaled depth of 2.75x10^{-3 \mJ^{-1/3} this ratio lies at ca. 5.5–7.5%. A first order consideration of seismic energy estimates the sum of radiated airborne and seismic energy to be up to 20\% of blast energy.

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Air blast load generation for simulating structural response

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

High-intensity air-explosion-induced shock loading of structures: consideration of a real gas in modelling a nonlinear compressible medium

High-intensity air-explosion-induced shock loading of structures: consideration of a real gas in modelling a nonlinear compressible medium

Numerical Prediction of Impulse and Overpressure for a Green High Energy Metal Organic Framework (HE-MOF) Using CFD

Experimental multiblast craters and ejecta — seismo-acoustics, jet characteristics, craters, and ejecta deposits and implications for volcanic explosions

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