Air-cooled condensers in retail systems using R22 and R404A refrigerants

Ge, Y.T.; Cropper, R.

doi:10.1016/s0306-2619(03)00155-7

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…(a) Wang(A) [5] (b) Wang(C) [5] (c) Wang(E) [5] (d) Wang(F) [5] (e) Wang(G) [5] (f ) Ge(A) [6] (g) Ge(B) [6] (h) Kuo(A) [4] (i) Kuo(B) [4] (j) Ge [7] (k) Liu [2] (l) Domanski [8] Figura 15: Ejemplos de circuitos validados.…”

Section: Validación De Los Resultadosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…De la misma forma que lo hizo Ge [6], los resultados se validaron con los datos experimentales encontrados en la literatura y específicamente con el trabajo realizado por Lee [9]. En este trabajo se usaron dos configuraciones de circuitos tipo U y tipo Z como se muestra en la Figura 16, y las características físicas del intercambiador están detalladas en la Tabla 1.…”

Section: Validación De Los Resultadosunclassified

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Procedimiento para el cálculo de circuitos en el modelado del flujo en intercambiadores de calor de aletas y tubos

Córdoba-Tuta

Fuentes-Díaz

2015

ing.cienc

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En este trabajo se presenta un procedimiento general para la simulación del comportamiento del flujo en los intercambiadores de tubos y aletas con una gran flexibilidad en el manejo de la información. Este procedimiento está basado en el uso de Programación Orientada a Objetos y específicamente al uso de C++, esto debido a todas las ventajas de este tipo de programación. La entrada de datos se lleva a cabo por medio de archivos, de forma que programas de terceros puedan generar la configuración del intercambiador y permitir calcular el intercambiador en forma paramétrica. Los resultados para el análisis se presentan en tres formatos diferentes: valores separados por comas (CSV), texto plano estructurado y autodocumentado (XML) y un formato para la visualización gráfica de resultados (VTK).

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Section: Validación De Los Resultadosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Validación De Los Resultadosunclassified

Procedimiento para el cálculo de circuitos en el modelado del flujo en intercambiadores de calor de aletas y tubos

Córdoba-Tuta

Fuentes-Díaz

2015

ing.cienc

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“…When the geometric characteristics and fan particulars of a particular condenser are known and computational time is not an important consideration in the simulations, a detailed condenser model can also be employed to evaluate the effect of heat exchanger design parameters on system performance (Ge and Cropper, 2004).…”

Section: Condenser Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation and optimal design of supermarket refrigeration systems with supermarket model “SuperSim”, Part I: Model description and validation

Tassou

2011

International Journal of Refrigeration

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Conventional supermarket refrigeration systems are responsible for considerable CO 2 emissions due to high energy consumption and large quantities of refrigerant leakage.In the effort to conserve energy and reduce environmental impacts, an efficient design tool for the analysis, evaluation and comparison of the performance of alternative system designs and controls is required. This paper provides a description of the modelling procedure employed in the supermarket simulation model 'SuperSim' for the simulation of the performance of centralised vapour compression refrigeration systems and their interaction with the building envelope and HVAC systems. The model which has been validated against data from a supermarket has been used for the comparison of R404A and CO 2 refrigeration systems and the optimisation of the performance of transcritical CO 2 systems. These results are presented in Part II of the paper. IntroductionA modern supermarket requires considerable amounts of electricity and gas for refrigeration, lighting, baking and the maintenance of a comfortable retail environment for the staff and customers. The total electrical energy consumption of grocery stores is approximately 12 TWh and represents approximately 3.5% of the UK's total electrical energy consumption (Tassou, 2007) More than half of the energy used in a modern supermarket can be attributed to refrigeration systems.Lighting accounts for between 20% and 25% and HVAC and ancillary services for the remainder (Tassou and Ge , 2008). The refrigeration system is also charged with a large amount of refrigerant, in the majority of cases HFC, which is directly responsible for significant CO 2 emissions due to refrigerant leakage from the system.To increase the energy efficiency of supermarket refrigeration systems, several advanced technologies can be applied, which include more efficient components such as compressors and heat exchangers, combined heat and power and trigeneration in combination with sorption refrigeration systems, heat recovery, natural refrigerants and advanced control strategies and system integration (Tassou and Ge , 2008). For the evaluation and ultimate implementation of such technologies, simulation with an efficient and reliable system model could be the optimum way to compare an experiment which may be overly expensive and time consuming to be achievable otherwise.There are currently four supermarket energy simulation software with built-in supermarket refrigeration system models in the open literature which are:"Cybermart" (Arias, 2004) , "EnergyPlus" (EnergyPlus, 2009), "Retscreen" (RETScreen, 2009), and "SuperSim" . In addition, there are two other software for 5 supermarket refrigeration systems (van der Sluis, 2004), "Econu Koeling" (Econu Koeling, 2003) and "ORNL Supermarket Spreadsheets" (ORNL, 2003). These, however, do not incorporate the simulation of the building and HVAC systems and will not be considered further in this paper.The four supermarket energy simulation models universally recognize that ...

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“…This method is widely used in the modelling of condensers but rarely in the modelling of gas coolers (Ge and Cropper (2004)). Since CO 2 thermophysical properties change rapidly with temperature during an isobaric gas cooling process, it would be impractical to use the -NTU or LMTD method to simulate gas coolers (Kim et al (2004)).…”

Section: Condenser and Gas Cooler Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The finned-tube air-cooled condenser model has been validated previously by comparing the model with test results (Ge and Cropper (2004)). Therefore, only the validation of the gas cooler model is described in this paper.…”

Section: Model Validationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control optimisation of CO2 cycles for medium temperature retail food refrigeration systems

Tassou

2009

International Journal of Refrigeration

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This paper describes a detailed procedure into the investigation of optimised control strategies for CO 2 cycles in medium temperature retail food refrigeration systems. To achieve this objective, an integrated model was developed composing of a detailed condenser/gas cooler model, a simplified compressor model, an isenthalpic expansion process and constant evaporating temperature and superheating. The CO 2 system can operate subcritically or transcritically depending on the ambient temperature. For a transcritical operation, a prediction can be made for optimised refrigerant discharge pressures from thermodynamic cycle calculations. When the system operates in the subcritical cycle, a floating discharge pressure control strategy is employed and the effect of different transitional ambient temperatures separating subcritical and transcritical cycles on system performance is investigated. The control strategy assumes variable compressor speed and adjustable air flow for the gas cooler/condenser to be

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Air-cooled condensers in retail systems using R22 and R404A refrigerants

Cited by 23 publications

References 10 publications

Procedimiento para el cálculo de circuitos en el modelado del flujo en intercambiadores de calor de aletas y tubos

Procedimiento para el cálculo de circuitos en el modelado del flujo en intercambiadores de calor de aletas y tubos

Performance evaluation and optimal design of supermarket refrigeration systems with supermarket model “SuperSim”, Part I: Model description and validation

Control optimisation of CO2 cycles for medium temperature retail food refrigeration systems

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