Air entrainment into smoke and hot gases in open shafts

Marshall, Norman R.

doi:10.1016/0379-7112(86)90030-5

Cited by 34 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A 1/5 scale vertical shaft model which was first chosen to research about the smoke in vertical shaft by Marshall [23] A geometrically simplified model (2D) is illustrated in Fig. 1.…”

Section: A Physical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Computational Study of Differential Diffusion Effects on Smoke Toxicity Evaluation

Pan¹,

Jiang²,

Wang³

et al. 2016

IJSCER

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With the increasing frequency of fire caused by construction materials, smoke toxicity evaluation plays a key role in related fields. Numerical simulation has become a popular method to predict the toxicity of smoke. A computational study of differential diffusion effects on smoke toxicity evaluation is proposed in this study. The accuracy of the study is illustrated for a polyurethane foam fire in a 1/5 scale vertical shaft. The temperature and the concentrations of smoke composition are mainly discussed. From the comparison of the calculations with the Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) data it is observed that the temperature and mass fractions of species agree well with the DNS data when differential diffusion effects are taken into account. On the other hand, these numerical results are overestimated if differential diffusion effects are neglected. The FED values indicate that differential diffusion has a strong influence on smoke toxicity evaluation when using N-Gas model. 

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“…A 1/5 scale vertical shaft model which was first chosen to research about the smoke in vertical shaft by Marshall [23] A geometrically simplified model (2D) is illustrated in Fig. 1.…”

Section: A Physical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Computational Study of Differential Diffusion Effects on Smoke Toxicity Evaluation

Pan¹,

Jiang²,

Wang³

et al. 2016

IJSCER

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“…In an effort to expand the capabilities of existing models of smoke movement in vertical shafts, Marshall performed experiments in a 1/5 th scale model of a 5 story open shaft [39]. With heat input at the bottom, it was found that the gases clung to the walls as they flowed up the shaft.…”

Section: Tests Conducted Without Sprinkler Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Literature review on enclosure of elevator lobbies

Stroup¹

2003

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“…The diameter of an axisymmetric plume is approximately half the height above the origin as shown in figure 3 (D = 0.5z, where D is diameter, and z is height above origin). Marshall (1986) showed that a doorjet in a shaft is approximated by half of an axisymmetric plume which is referred to as a wall plume (figure 6). The cross section of a wall plume is a semi-circle, and its mass flow is about half that of an axisymmetric plume.…”

Section: Applicability Of Fwo Zone Model For Shaftsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cannon and Zukoski (1976) studied the instability and turbulent mixing of hot lower layer in a shaft only open at the bottom. Marshall (1985 and1986) Air movement due to normal and reverse stack effect…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zone fire modeling with natural building flows and a zero order shaft model

Klote¹,

Forney²

1993

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This paper addresses applications of zone fire models to simulate smoke flow in multistory buildings. Natural flows in buildings are discussed. A zero order model for shaft smoke flow was developed which treated the shaft as one perfectly mixed zone. A two zone fire model was modified to simulate natural flows and the zero order shaft smoke flow. The extent to which the one zone model and the two zone model are appropriate to simulate smoke flow in shafts is discussed. The modifications for the natural building flow included development of new initial conditions and of the capability to simulate the gross effects of a heating and air conditioning system. Eighteen example zone model simulations were made to develop insight into the program modifications.

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Air entrainment into smoke and hot gases in open shafts

Cited by 34 publications

References 6 publications

A Computational Study of Differential Diffusion Effects on Smoke Toxicity Evaluation

A Computational Study of Differential Diffusion Effects on Smoke Toxicity Evaluation

Literature review on enclosure of elevator lobbies

Zone fire modeling with natural building flows and a zero order shaft model

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