Air Exposure and Physiological Compensation in a Tropical Intertidal Chiton,<i>Chiton stokesii</i>(Mollusca: Polyplacophora)

McMahon, Brian R.; Burggren, Warren W.; Pinder, Alan W.; Wheatly, Michèle G.

doi:10.1086/physzool.64.3.30158204

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…To simplify experimental designs, many studies that have incorporated aerial emersion with heat stress have acclimated intertidal organisms under constant ambient ocean conditions rather than simulating tidal cycles (Helmuth et al, 2010;Logan et al, 2012;Dowd and Somero, 2013;Bjelde and Todgham, 2013;Zhang et al, 2014;Bjelde et al, 2015). Although there have been several experimental studies that have acclimated organisms to more realistic tidal cycles, our understanding of the role of repeated daily fluctuations in temperature, more indicative of natural conditions, is still deficient (McMahon et al, 1991;Marshall and McQuaid, 1992;Dong and Williams, 2011;Han et al, 2013;Dowd et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of stochastic thermal environments in modulating the thermal physiology of an intertidal limpet, Lottia digitalis

Drake

Miller

Todgham

2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Much of our understanding of the thermal physiology of intertidal organisms comes from experiments with animals acclimated under constant conditions and exposed to a single heat stress. In nature, however, the thermal environment is more complex. Aerial exposure and the unpredictable nature of thermal stress during low tides may be critical factors in defining the thermal physiology of intertidal organisms. In the fingered limpet, Lottia digitalis, we investigated whether upper temperature tolerance and thermal sensitivity were influenced by the pattern of fluctuation with which thermal stress was applied. Specifically, we examined whether there was a differential response (measured as cardiac performance) to repeated heat stress of a constant and predictable magnitude compared with heat stress applied in a stochastic and unpredictable nature. We also investigated differences in cellular metabolism and damage following immersion for insights into biochemical mechanisms of tolerance. Upper temperature tolerance increased with aerial exposure, but no significant differences were found between predictable treatments of varying magnitudes (13°C versus 24°C versus 32°C). Significant differences in thermal tolerance were found between unpredictable trials with different heating patterns. There were no significant differences among treatments in basal citrate synthase activity, glycogen content, oxidative stress or antioxidants. Our results suggest that aerial exposure and recent thermal history, paired with relief from high low-tide temperatures, are important factors modulating the capacity of limpets to deal with thermal stress.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of stochastic thermal environments in modulating the thermal physiology of an intertidal limpet, Lottia digitalis

Drake

Miller

Todgham

2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…He did not, however, isolate the underlying physiological causes of these benefits. McMahon et al (1991) specifically measured physiological changes (body temperature, heart rate and haemolymph chemistry) in the chiton Chiton stokesii during emersion periods under laboratory conditions. They concluded that a combination of physiological and behavioural adaptations allowed the chiton to tolerate 3 times its normal emersion regime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological responses to heat stress on a tropical shore: the benefits of mushrooming behaviour in the limpet Cellana grata

Williams¹,

Pirro²,

Leung³

et al. 2005

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sub-lethal responses to heat stress were investigated in the limpet Cellana grata. During summer low tides, foot temperatures were hotter than rock temperatures, but positively correlated with, heart rate, air and rock temperatures. Hotter limpets showed mushrooming behaviour, raising their shell from the rock. Over 30% of monitored limpets were not relocated during the subsequent daytime low tide. Missing animals were mostly situated on horizontal surfaces, were smaller than those recaptured, and had higher body temperatures, mushrooming heights and heart rates. A laboratory protocol was designed to resemble on-shore thermal stress conditions. Firstly, small and large limpets were held on a hot plate for 60 min and either constrained or allowed to mushroom. Secondly, unconstrained, large animals were held on the hot plate for 120 min. Unconstrained limpets were able to mushroom and had lower foot temperatures but higher heart rates than those constrained, suggesting mushrooming is an active response. Small animals had higher heart rates than large individuals. Mantle water could not be collected from most small, mushrooming limpets but was from constrained animals, and was more concentrated in small limpets. Small and constrained limpets had more concentrated haemolymph than large or mushrooming animals. Mantle and haemolymph osmolalities were positively related, except at high mantle water osmolalities. Smaller animals lost relatively more water, and constrained limpets more than those allowed to mushroom. Large limpets on the hot plate for 120 min showed similar mushrooming heights and heart rates but had hotter foot temperatures, higher haemolymph concentrations, lost all their mantle water and nearly twice as much water than those held for 60 min. Mushrooming behaviour appears to be a short-term, high-risk strategy that allows limpets temporary relief from stressful conditions and may increase their chance of survival until the next tidal immersion.KEY WORDS: Heart rate · Heat stress · Hong Kong · Osmoregulation · Summer die-off · Tropical rocky shore Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 292: [213][214][215][216][217][218][219][220][221][222][223][224] 2005 molluscs in terms of elevated body temperatures and water loss (Vermeij 1971, Smith 1975, Verderber et al. 1983, Lowell 1984 or indeed mortality as a result of heat stress (Frank 1965, Wolcott 1973, Kohn 1993, Williams 1994.In an extensive study on mobile species in the Bay of Panama, Garrity (1984) demonstrated a series of responses in these species which appeared to have adaptive benefits, such as (1) being only active whilst awash, (2) aggregation of individuals and (3) raising the shell from the rock surface to aid evaporative cooling. Garrity was able to demonstrate the benefits of such behaviours, in terms of alleviating water loss and high body temperatures, and ultimately increasing their survival value, by preventing animals from performing them. He did not, however, isolat...

show abstract

“…In addition we calculated mean R 25% for each species, which is the respiration rate at oxygen concentrations 25% that of air-saturated concentrations, expressed as a percentage of the S VO 2 . In chitons, ratios of the contribution of shell, tissue and water content to total mass vary considerably between species (McMahon et al, 1991). 50%, and R 25% .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Horn (1985) recorded temperature sensitivity in the respiratory rates of Chiton pelliserpentis at varying shore heights, but no overall difference in rates. McMahon et al (1991) measured oxygen uptake in the tropical species Chiton stokesii in Panama. McMahon et al (1991) measured oxygen uptake in the tropical species Chiton stokesii in Panama.…”

Section: Measured Metabolism In a Range Of Body Sizes And Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…McMahon et al (1991) measured oxygen uptake in the tropical species Chiton stokesii in Panama. Studies that used tropical study organisms (Nagabhushanam & Murti, 1972;McMahon et al, 1991) show much higher metabolism, as would be expected of ectothermic organisms in higher ambient temperatures. Studies that used tropical study organisms (Nagabhushanam & Murti, 1972;McMahon et al, 1991) show much higher metabolism, as would be expected of ectothermic organisms in higher ambient temperatures.…”

Section: Measured Metabolism In a Range Of Body Sizes And Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Variation in oxygen consumption among ‘living fossils’ (Mollusca: Polyplacophora)

Carey¹,

Galkin²,

Henriksson

et al. 2012

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polyplacophoran molluscs (chitons) are phylogenetically ancient and morphologically constrained, yet multiple living species are often found co-occurring within widely overlapping ecological niches. This study used two sets of experiments to compare interspecific variation among co-occurring species in the North Atlantic (Ireland) and separately in the North Pacific (British Columbia, Canada) chiton faunas. A complementary review of historical literature on polyplacophoran physiology provides an overview of the high level of metabolic variability in this group of 'living fossils'. Species examined in de novo experiments showed significant variation in oxygen consumption both under air-saturated water conditions (normoxia), and in response to decreasing oxygen availability (hypoxia). Some species demonstrate an ability to maintain constant oxygen uptake rates despite hypoxia (oxyregulators), while others oxyconform, with uptake rate dependent on ambient oxygen tension. These organisms are often amalgamated in studies of benthic communities, yet show obvious physiological difference that may impact their response or tolerance to environmental change.

show abstract

Air Exposure and Physiological Compensation in a Tropical Intertidal Chiton,Chiton stokesii(Mollusca: Polyplacophora)

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

The role of stochastic thermal environments in modulating the thermal physiology of an intertidal limpet, Lottia digitalis

The role of stochastic thermal environments in modulating the thermal physiology of an intertidal limpet, Lottia digitalis

Physiological responses to heat stress on a tropical shore: the benefits of mushrooming behaviour in the limpet Cellana grata

Variation in oxygen consumption among ‘living fossils’ (Mollusca: Polyplacophora)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About