Air infiltration in Catalan dwellings and sealed rooms: An experimental study

Montoya, María Isabel Villa; Pastor, Elsa; Planas, Eulàlia

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.04.009

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…shown inChen et al (2012);Tian et al (2009); 2) the calculated values for a were all within a reasonable range, i.e. 0 to 1h -1 , confirmed byMontoya et al (2011);Shi et al (2015);Yamamoto et al (2010). justified the reliability of the model proposed in this study and in this section some further discussions were given.…”

supporting

confidence: 81%

“…1) the value of a should be within the range of 0 and 1.0h -1 , according to Montoya et al (2011);Shi et al (2015); Yamamoto et al (2010);…”

Section: Model Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…0.200h -1 , therefore, it seems to be reasonable to use 0.2h -1 when selecting air cleaners. For the air exchange rate, the validation of a was done by the tracer gas decay method, which is a widely used in engineering applications (Carrilho et al, 2015 Kiwan et al, 2013;Montoya et al, 2011;Younes et al, 2012). The measurement of CO2 was done by the Lutron MCH-383SD, with a monitoring range of between 0 and 4000ppm and a measurement accuracy of ±5% of reading.…”

Section: Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In real buildings, however, most of these parameters were influenced significantly by the airtightness level of external windows (Lai, 2003;Provan and Younger, 1986;Wallace, 1996;Younes et al, 2012). For a, many studies have justified that it is indirectly proportion to the airtightness level of windows (Carrilho et al, 2015;Cui et al, 2015;Deng et al, 2018;Kiwan et al, 2013;Montoya et al, 2011;Younes et al, 2012), as well as P (Chen et al, 2012;Li and Chen, 2003;Tian et al, 2009). For k, however, sufficient evidence is available showing that there is no significant impact from airtightness level of windows (El Hamdani et al, 2008;Lai, 2003;Zhao and Wu, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Determination of key parameters (air exchange rate, penetration factor and deposition rate) for selecting residential air cleaners under different window airtightness levels

Chen

Wei

et al. 2020

Sustainable Cities and Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Healthy indoor air quality is a basic standard for good living environment, and air cleaners are commonly used in residential applications, especially in China, to control indoor PM2.5 pollutions from outdoors. An accurate cleaner selection method will help keep satisfying indoor air quality, as well as reducing cost and materials of equipment. Three key parameters, namely, air exchange rate (a), particle penetration factor (P) and deposition rate (k), have been suggested as direct influence on air cleaner selection when pollutants are coming from building infiltration. In relevant standards, however, there is no method that can link the three key parameters to various airtightness levels of external windows, which may often exist in real applications. This study, therefore, has proposed a calculation method for deciding a, P and k, based on monitored indoor and outdoor PM2.5 mass concentrations, with given recommended design values under different external window airtightness levels. Results showed that both air exchange rates and penetration factors were significantly influenced by the airtightness level of windows, and both their values were found to be different from the recommended values in the current Chinese standard, providing evidence to support future standard revision and update. Meanwhile, deposition rates showed good agreement with the recommended value in the current Chinese standard (i.e. 0.2h -1 ).Additionally, with increased window airtightness level, the required clean air delivery rate (CADR) of air cleaners showed a downward trend, which means an air cleaner with smaller size, lower energy consumption and less material.

show abstract

supporting

confidence: 81%

“…1) the value of a should be within the range of 0 and 1.0h -1 , according to Montoya et al (2011);Shi et al (2015); Yamamoto et al (2010);…”

Section: Model Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Determination of key parameters (air exchange rate, penetration factor and deposition rate) for selecting residential air cleaners under different window airtightness levels

Chen

Wei

et al. 2020

Sustainable Cities and Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, the data contained in [13] show that the air exchange rate in Swedish detached houses and dwellings is lower than 0.5 h -1 (0.47 h -1 for dwellings, 0.33 h -1 for detached houses). A similar low air exchange rate is observed in Catalonia, Spain due to heavy structure of the buildings [14]. The situation looks much better in Mediterranean countries -n=1.5 h -1 in Greece [15,16], n=1.2 h -1 in Portugal [17].…”

Section: A R C H I T E C T U R E C I V I L E N G I N E E R I N G E N V I R O N M E N Tmentioning

confidence: 67%

Thermal Improvement in Residential Buildings in View of the Indoor Air Quality – Case Study for Polish Dwelling

Błaszczok

Baranowski

2018

Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The widespread thermal improvement in residential buildings involves not only the insulation of outdoor walls but also window replacement. In Poland it is the residents of individual premises who manage the replacement and in order to keep their heating bills low, they seek airtight solutions to minimize the cooling of premises due to air infiltration. In this situation the indoor air quality is not considered at all and no exchange of used air and fresh air occurs. Unawareness on the part of residents and the increased costs of replacing the windows which need additional devices to ensure the inflow of air are the main reason for the deteriorating microclimate conditions in residential dwellings. The present paper demonstrates the measurement of indoor air quality, the building leakage test and the measurement of air flow in exhaust opening a four-bedroom dwelling located in Gliwice, Poland. In order to evaluate the air exchange within a longer period and in different outdoor climate conditions, the measurements were supplemented with numerical simulation of ventilating airflows. Modifications to improve the indoor air quality in the examined flat were also suggested.

show abstract

Performance analysis of a self‐protection system for vehicles in case of WUI fire entrapment

Pastor

Àgueda

Sebastià³

et al. 2020

Fire and Materials

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sheltering inside a civilian vehicle has proved to be a high risk strategy in case of wildfire entrapment. Survival is by no means guaranteed, especially in moderate to high-intensity wildfires. However, vehicles do offer a certain degree of fire protection, which can be reinforced by ad-hoc fire resistant technology. In this paper, we present the experimental performance analysis of a self-protection system that has been designed to protect people's life in case of fire entrapment. Similar to a firefighter fire shelter, the designed system can be quickly deployed covering the whole vehicle. In case of fire exposure, this fabric provides additional heat protection to the occupants and the vehicle itself. An experimental burning was designed in order to simulate real fire exposure conditions in case of vehicle entrapment in a rural road. An ex-situ 2-m high fuel bed composed of Pinus halepensis fine logging slash was arranged in a 13 m long x 6 m wide area. Fire was ignited at one end of the fuel bed and spread driven by an induced constant air flow (3 m/s midflame wind speed). 2.8 m away from the other fuel bed end, a car covered with the fire protection fabric was placed, parallel to the fire. Data analysis provided mean values of fire rate of spread (2 m/s), fireline intensity (1800 kW/m), flame height (6.5 m), flame tilt angle (30º), flame depth (2 m), flame temperature (800 ºC) and flame emissive power (47.5 kW/m 2). Maximum air temperatures inside the vehicle ranged around 41-42.5 ºC during a period between 20 min and 35 min after ignition. A thermocouple in contact with the internal side of the driver's window registered a maximum value of 47.3 ºC. These results evidenced the good performance of the fabric when protecting eventual vehicle occupants against thermal exposure from wildfires of moderate intensity.

show abstract

Air infiltration in Catalan dwellings and sealed rooms: An experimental study

Cited by 19 publications

References 14 publications

Determination of key parameters (air exchange rate, penetration factor and deposition rate) for selecting residential air cleaners under different window airtightness levels

Determination of key parameters (air exchange rate, penetration factor and deposition rate) for selecting residential air cleaners under different window airtightness levels

Thermal Improvement in Residential Buildings in View of the Indoor Air Quality – Case Study for Polish Dwelling

Performance analysis of a self‐protection system for vehicles in case of WUI fire entrapment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About