Air Pollution and Disasters

Chandrappa, Ramesha; Kulshrestha, Umesh Chandra

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-21596-9_8

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…For instance, the indicator “Number of deaths, missing persons and persons affected by disaster per 100,000 people”, in a time series from 2015 to 2021, had a national increase of more than 200%. This is certainly cause for concern, as studies show that there is an intimate relationship between air pollution, climate change, and natural disasters, whether in Brazil (Marengo et al 2021 ; Perez et al 2020 ; Matias Ribeiro et al 2021 ; Pivello et al 2021 ) or in other parts of the world (Chandrappa and Chandra Kulshrestha 2015 ; Kumar 2021 ). In addition, indicator 1.5.4, which is complementary to the previous one, demonstrates that less than 40% of Brazilian cities have defined strategies for disaster risk reduction in line with national strategies, denoting that a large part of the national territory is still vulnerable to ongoing environmental impacts and disasters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2030 Agenda: discussion on Brazilian priorities facing air pollution and climate change challenges

Moura

Júnior

2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The advance of human activities in a disorderly way has accelerated in recent decades, intensifying the environmental impacts directly linked to these practices. The atmosphere, essential for the maintenance of life, is increasingly saturated with pollutants, offering risks to practically all the inhabitants of the planet, a process that, in addition to causing illness and early mortality, is related to serious financial losses (including in the production of goods), dangerous temperature increase and severe natural disasters. Although this perception is not recent, the global initiative to control the different mechanisms that trigger the commitment of biodiversity and irreversible climate changes arising from pollution is still very incipient, given that global initiatives on the subject emerged just over 50 years ago. Brazil is a territory that centralizes many of these discussions, as it still faces both political and economic obstacles in achieving a sustainable growth model as it was agreed through the United Nations 2030 Agenda. Even though there is little time left for the completion of these goals, much remains to be done, and despite the fulfillment of this deadline, the works will certainly need to be extended for much longer until an effective reorientation of consciousness occurs. Scientific researches and discussions are fundamental tools to the understanding of issues still little explored in this field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2030 Agenda: discussion on Brazilian priorities facing air pollution and climate change challenges

Moura

Júnior

2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…In addition, the dust emissions resulting from the earthquake exacerbated the existing air pollution issues in the region. 31 The significant seismic activity and subsequent secondary seismic events led to extensive ground disruptions, resulting in the generation of copious amounts of dust from loose soil, construction remnants, and arid terrains. The suspension of dust particles in the atmosphere resulted in a decline in air quality, leading to diminished visibility and respiratory ailments among the local population.…”

Section: Air Pollution and Dust Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Health Risks After the 2023 Turkey-Syria Earthquake and Salient Mitigating Strategies: A Critical Appraisal

Ahmed,

Chandran,

Hussein

et al. 2023

Environ�Health�Insights

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A 7.8-magnitude earthquake in Turkey and Syria, followed by a 7.6-magnitude earthquake, caused over 50 000 deaths and over 100 000 injuries. The immediate physical injuries were severe, but the health repercussions, including the strain on healthcare services and the possibility of disease outbreaks, were equally concerning. Infections due to multidrug resistant microbes were also a matter of concern. Earthquake has caused not only loss of property and physical damage but also has a great negative impact on the mental health of the people. It is associated with serious psychological trauma. Moreover, the risk of malnutrition also became evident. Food aid and nutritional supplements can reduce the risk of malnutrition, but they are not a long-term solution. Establishment of sustainable food systems and restoration of agricultural productions are essential. Other demanding issues like derth of access to essential services related to health care, chances of child birth related complications following earthquake also need to be addressed. Emerging crises and disasters (conflicts, pandemics, epidemics), in addition to pre-existing conditions (collapsed health facilities, cold winter conditions, destruction of lifeline infrastructures, overcrowding in emergency shelters, poor sanitation, and unfavorable socio-economic conditions), may further exacerbate the already precarious public health situation and significantly delay the recovery process. The early warning and protection against the development of infectious diseases in earthquake-affected areas depend on good disease surveillance at the local and regional levels, which has been proposed as one of several techniques for prevention and management of infectious diseases in these areas. Our article outlines high-level approaches to reduce the risk of health issues among victims of Turkey and Syria.

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“…BTEX also play an important role in the overall air quality as they participate in photochemical reactions, producing ozone and secondary organic aerosols, effects that are exacerbated by climate change [9]. During disasters, either industrial accidents or emergency shutdowns of petroleum refineries in anticipation of hurricanes, major releases of hazardous air toxics have been documented [10,11]. Other common sources of exposure to hazardous air toxics that are related to natural disasters are indoor mold and mildew, which may be potent sources of allergens, and increased use of consumer cleaning products, which may be sources of VOCs [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Impacts of Hurricane Florence on Criteria Air Pollutants and Air Toxics in Eastern North Carolina

Bhandari

Casillas

Aly

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Natural and anthropogenic disasters are associated with air quality concerns due to the potential redistribution of pollutants in the environment. Our objective was to conduct a spatiotemporal analysis of air concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzne, and xylene (BTEX) and criteria air pollutants in North Carolina during and after Hurricane Florence. Three sampling campaigns were carried out immediately after the storm (September 2018) and at four-month intervals. BTEX were measured along major roads. Concurrent criteria air pollutant concentrations were predicted from modeling. Correlation between air pollutants and possible point sources was conducted using spatial regression. Exceedances of ambient air criteria were observed for benzene (in all sampling periods) and PM2.5 (mostly immediately after Florence). For both, there was an association between higher concentrations and fueling stations, particularly immediately after Florence. For other pollutants, concentrations were generally below levels of regulatory concern. Through characterization of air quality under both disaster and “normal” conditions, this study demonstrates spatial and temporal variation in air pollutants. We found that only benzene and PM2.5 were present at levels of potential concern, and there were localized increases immediately after the hurricane. These substances warrant particular attention in future disaster response research (DR2) investigations.

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Air Pollution and Disasters

Cited by 17 publications

References 40 publications

2030 Agenda: discussion on Brazilian priorities facing air pollution and climate change challenges

2030 Agenda: discussion on Brazilian priorities facing air pollution and climate change challenges

Environmental Health Risks After the 2023 Turkey-Syria Earthquake and Salient Mitigating Strategies: A Critical Appraisal

Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Impacts of Hurricane Florence on Criteria Air Pollutants and Air Toxics in Eastern North Carolina

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