Air Pollution and Markers of Inflammation and Coagulation in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

Rückerl, Regina; Ibald-Mulli, Angela; Köenig, Wolfgang; Schneider, Alexandra; Woelke, Gabriele; Cyrys, Josef; Heinrich, Joachim; Marder, Victor J.; Frampton, Mark W.; Wichmann, H‐Erich; Peters, Annette

doi:10.1164/rccm.200507-1123oc

Cited by 361 publications

(315 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Medication use in asthmatics also increased in association with the cumulative exposure to UFP over 5 or even 14 days (von Klot et al, 2002). Ru¨ckerl et al (2006) observe the highest increases in some blood markers in patients with coronary heart disease at a lag of 48 to 71 h. However, other studies observed immediate associations of UFP on mortality or morbidity, respectively (Forastiere et al, 2005;von Klot et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Recently, adverse health effects were reported for elevated particle number concentrations (NC) in the ultrafine range Ibald-Mulli et al, 2002) including a decrease in peak expiratory flow (PEF) (Pekkanen et al, 1997;Peters et al, 1997b;Penttinen et al, 2001), increases in medication use of asthmatics (von Klot et al, 2002), increases in blood markers (Ru¨ckerl et al, 2006), repolarization changes in ischemic heart disease patients (Henneberger et al, 2005), increased hospital cardiac readmissions in myocardial infarction survivors (von Klot et al, 2005) and an increase in out-of-hospital coronary deaths (Forastiere et al, 2005). Associations of mortality with UFPs have been reported to be of approximately the same magnitude per interquartile range as with PM 2.5 but independent of the PM 2.5 associations in a 3-year study , reanalyzed by Sto¨lzel et al, 2003.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Daily mortality and particulate matter in different size classes in Erfurt, Germany

Stölzel

Breitner

Cyrys

et al. 2006

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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213

109

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The link between elevated concentrations of ambient particulate matter (PM) and increased mortality has been investigated in numerous studies. Here we analyzed the role of different particle size fractions with respect to total and cardio-respiratory mortality in Erfurt, Germany, between 1995 and 2001. Number concentrations (NC) of PM were measured using an aerosol spectrometer consisting of a Differential Mobility Particle Sizer and a Laser Aerosol Spectrometer to characterize particles between 0.01 and 0.5 and between 0.1 and 2.5 mm, respectively. We derived daily means of particle NC for ultrafine (0.01-0.1 mm) and for fine particles (0.01-2.5 mm). Assuming spherical particles of a constant density, we estimated the mass concentrations (MC) of particles in these size ranges. Concurrently, data on daily total and cardio-respiratory death counts were obtained from local health authorities. The data were analyzed using Poisson Generalized Additive Models adjusting for trend, seasonality, influenza epidemics, day of the week, and meteorology using smooth functions or indicator variables. We found statistically significant associations between elevated ultrafine particle (UFP; diameter: 0.01-0.1 mm) NC and total as well as cardio-respiratory mortality, each with a 4 days lag. The relative mortality risk (RR) for a 9748 cm À3 increase in UFP NC was RR ¼ 1.029 and its 95% confidence interval (CI) ¼ 1.003-1.055 for total mortality. For cardio-respiratory mortality we found: RR ¼ 1.031, 95% CI: 1.003-1.060. No association between fine particle MC and mortality was found. This study shows that UFP, representing fresh combustion particles, may be an important component of urban air pollution associated with health effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daily mortality and particulate matter in different size classes in Erfurt, Germany

Stölzel

Breitner

Cyrys

et al. 2006

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

Self Cite

213

109

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“…The hypothesis of increased coagulability due to PM [4] is supported by epidemiologic evidence in both general and particularly susceptible populations [5,6]. However, a DE-specific healthy animal model showed decreased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), implying increased thrombolysis, in response to DE [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coagulation markers in healthy human subjects exposed to diesel exhaust

Carlsten

Kaufman

Peretz

et al. 2007

Thrombosis Research

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Background-Ambient particulate matter (PM) is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It has been proposed that PM induces a pro-thrombotic process, increasing the risk of cardiovascular events, with some support from epidemiological and laboratory-based models. Diesel exhaust is a major contributor to urban PM, and we conducted a controlled human exposure of diesel exhaust in healthy subjects.

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“…Some epidemiological studies have shown adverse health effects associated with exposure to the ultrafine particulate fraction of air pollution [Peters et al 1997[Peters et al , 2004Penttinen et al 2001;Ibald-Mulli et al 2002;Timonen et al 2004;Ruckerl et al 2006] although uncertainty exists about the role of ultrafine particles relative to other air pollutants in causing the observed adverse health effects. The associations in these studies have been based on measurements of the particle number or mass concentrations of particles within certain size fractions (e.g., particulate matter with diameter of 2.5 µm and smaller [PM 2.5 ]).…”

Section: Observations From Epidemiological Studies Involving Fine Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches to safe nanotechnology: managing the health and safety concerns associated with engineered nanomaterials (withdrawn).

2009

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To receive documents or other information about occupational safety and health topics, contact NIOSH at Telephone: 1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636) TTY: 1-888-232-6348 E-mail: cdcinfo@cdc.gov or visit the NIOSH Web site at www.cdc.gov/niosh.For a monthly update on news at NIOSH, subscribe to NIOSH eNews by visiting www.cdc.gov/niosh/eNews. No. 2009-125 March 2009 DHHS (NIOSH) Publication Safer • Healthier • People™Approaches to Safe Nanotechnology iii Nanotechnology-the manipulation of matter on a near-atomic scale to produce new structures, materials, and devices-offers the promise of unprecedented scientific advancement for many sectors, such as medicine, consumer products, energy, materials, and manufacturing. Nanotechnology has the power not only to improve existing technologies, but to dramatically enhance the effectiveness of new applications.Research on the potential applications of nanotechnology continues to expand rapidly worldwide. New nanotechnology consumer products emerge at a rate of three to four per week. Over the course of the next decade, nanotechnology could have a $1 trillion impact on the global economy and employ two million workers-half of them residing in the U.S.While nanomaterials present seemingly limitless possibilities, they bring with them new challenges to understanding, predicting, and managing potential safety and health risks to workers. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) remains committed to protecting workers now and in the future, as nanotechnology applications and uses expand.As part of these efforts, in October 2005, NIOSH released for public comment the draft document, Approaches to Safe Nanotechnology: An Information Exchange with NIOSH. Based on feedback received, NIOSH revised and updated the document in July 2006 and sought further public comment. This draft report has been widely cited, and the final version of the report should serve as a vital resource for stakeholders (including occupational safety and health professionals, researchers, policy makers, risk assessors, and workers in the industry) who wish to understand more about the safety and health implications of nanotechnology in the workplace.With the publication of the Approaches to Safe Nanotechnology document, NIOSH hopes to: raise awareness of the occupational safety and health issues involved with nanotechnology; make recommendations on occupational safety and health best practices in the production and use of nanomaterials; facilitate dialogue between NIOSH and its external partners in industry, labor and academia; respond to requests for authoritative safety and health guidelines; and, identify information gaps and areas for future study and research.As our knowledge of nanoscience increases, so too will our efforts to provide valuable guidance on the safe handling of nanoparticles and for protecting the lives and livelihoods of nanotechnology workers.

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Air Pollution and Markers of Inflammation and Coagulation in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

Abstract: These results suggest that inflammation as well as parts of the coagulation pathway may contribute to the association between particulate air pollution and coronary events.

Cited by 361 publications

References 47 publications

Daily mortality and particulate matter in different size classes in Erfurt, Germany

Daily mortality and particulate matter in different size classes in Erfurt, Germany

Coagulation markers in healthy human subjects exposed to diesel exhaust

Approaches to safe nanotechnology: managing the health and safety concerns associated with engineered nanomaterials (withdrawn).

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