Air pollution, ethnicity and telomere length in east London schoolchildren: An observational study

Mudway, Ian; Dundas, Isobel; Marlin, Nadine; Koh, Lee; Aitlhadj, Layla; Vulliamy, Tom; Jamaludin, Jeenath; Wood, Helen E.; Barratt, Benjamin; Beevers, Sean; Dajnak, David; Sheikh, Aziz; Kelly, Frank J.; Griffiths, Chris; Grigg, Jonathan

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2016.08.021

Cited by 46 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The sample sizes ranged from 14 (24) to 6,796 (40). All were observational studies: 14 cross-sectional (16)(17)(18)(22)(23)(24)26,27,(32)(33)(34)(35)38,40), 6 cohort (20,29,30,36,37,39) and 5 case-control studies (19,21,25,28,31). All applied Cawthon's protocol based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis method to measure TL: 19 studies (n=10,568 subjects) assessed LTL (16,(18)(19)(20)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(30)(31)(32)(33)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40), 2 studies with placenta TL (17,28) (42).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air pollution and telomere length: a systematic review of 12,058 subjects

Zhao

Johnston

et al. 2018

Cardiovasc. Diagn. Ther.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air pollution and telomere length: a systematic review of 12,058 subjects

Zhao

Johnston

et al. 2018

Cardiovasc. Diagn. Ther.

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“…Indeed, the inflammation processes due to ROS can alter DNA as reported in a study of taxi drivers [102]. Moreover, telomere length has been reported to increase with increasing annual exposure to NO x, PM 2.5 and PM 10 [103].…”

Section: Cell Dna Alterationmentioning

confidence: 94%

Does air pollution play a role in infertility?: a systematic review

et al. 2017

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Background: Air pollution is involved in many pathologies. These pollutants act through several mechanisms that can affect numerous physiological functions, including reproduction: as endocrine disruptors or reactive oxygen species inducers, and through the formation of DNA adducts and/or epigenetic modifications. We conducted a systematic review of the published literature on the impact of air pollution on reproductive function. Eligible studies were selected from an electronic literature search from the PUBMED database from January 2000 to February 2016 and associated references in published studies. Search terms included (1) ovary or follicle or oocyte or testis or testicular or sperm or spermatozoa or fertility or infertility and (2) air quality or O 3 or NO 2 or PM2.5 or diesel or SO 2 or traffic or PM10 or air pollution or air pollutants. The literature search was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We have included the human and animal studies corresponding to the search terms and published in English. We have excluded articles whose results did not concern fertility or gamete function and those focused on cancer or allergy. We have also excluded genetic, auto-immune or iatrogenic causes of reduced reproduction function from our analysis. Finally, we have excluded animal data that does not concern mammals and studies based on results from in vitro culture. Data have been grouped according to the studied pollutants in order to synthetize their impact on fertility and the molecular pathways involved.

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“…Telomeres are lengths of non-transcriptional DNA which serve to protect DNA from degradation 8 , and their shortening is strongly associated with the aging process 9 . Smoking and exposure to air pollution are both known to cause oxidative stress and resultant shortening of telomeres, which in turn can have a significant negative impact on health 3 , 10 . Individuals with shorter telomeres have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease 11 , reduced angiogenic potential 12 , and are at an increased risk of mortality 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of sarcopenia, telomere length, and mortality: data from the NHANES 1999–2002

et al. 2017

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BackgroundSarcopenia is defined as the loss of muscle mass or function with aging and is associated with adverse outcomes. Telomere shortening is associated with mortality, yet its relationship with sarcopenia is unknown.MethodsAdults ≥60 years from the 1999–2002 NHANES with body composition measures were identified. Sarcopenia was defined using the two Foundation for the National Institute of Health definitions: appendicular lean mass (ALM) (men<19.75; women<15.02kg); or ALM divided by body mass index (BMI) (ALM:BMI, men<0.789; women<0.512). Telomere length was assessed using quantitative PCR. Regression models predicted telomere length with sarcopenia (referent=no sarcopenia).ResultsWe identified 2,672 subjects. Mean age was 70.9 years (55.5% female). Prevalence of ALM and ALM:BMI sarcopenia was 29.2 and 22.1%. Deaths were higher in persons with sarcopenia as compared to those without sarcopenia (ALM: 46.4 vs. 33.4%; p<0.001; ALM:BMI: 46.7 vs.33.2%; p<0.001). No adjusted differences were observed in telomere length in those with/without sarcopenia (ALM: 0.90 vs. 0.92; p=0.74, ALM:BMI 0.89 vs. 0.92; p=0.24). In men with ALM:BMI defined sarcopenia, adjusted telomere length was significantly lower compared to men without sarcopenia (0.85 vs 0.91, p=0.013). With sarcopenia, we did not observe a significant association between telomere length and mortality (ALM: HR 1.11 [0.64, 1.82], p=0.68; ALM:BMI: HR 0.97 [0.53,1.77], p=0.91), but noted significance in those without sarcopenia with mortality (ALM: HR 0.59 [0.40, 0.86], p=0.007; ALM:BMI: HR 0.62 [0.42, 0.91]; p=0.01).ConclusionsWe observed a potentially inverse relationship between telomere length and mortality in those without sarcopenia but did not observe a significant relationship between telomere length and mortality in the presence of sarcopenia.

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Air pollution, ethnicity and telomere length in east London schoolchildren: An observational study

Cited by 46 publications

References 42 publications

Air pollution and telomere length: a systematic review of 12,058 subjects

Air pollution and telomere length: a systematic review of 12,058 subjects

Does air pollution play a role in infertility?: a systematic review

The association of sarcopenia, telomere length, and mortality: data from the NHANES 1999–2002

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