Air Pollution Increases the Incidence of Upper Respiratory Tract Symptoms among Polish Children

Ratajczak, Aleksandra; Badyda, Artur; Czechowski, Piotr Oskar; Czarnecki, Adam; Dubrawski, Michał; Feleszko, Wojciech

doi:10.3390/jcm10102150

Cited by 43 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…This is preferred in particular in the types of sociological surveys where it is difficult to specify all of the members of the basic group (e.g., the population), but it is possible to determine basic statistical characteristics that are assumed to correlate with the variables being ascertained [105]. This is a quasi-representative method that, if performed correctly, achieves similar results to probability sampling methods [106], as the sample can be assumed to represent the entire population under investigation [107]. The economic, time, and staffing merits of this type of sampling were used [108], a method that has become one of the most widely used in sociological research due to its benefits [109,110].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sharing Economy in the Context of Sustainable Development and Social Responsibility: The Example of the Czech Republic

et al. 2021

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The rapid development of the sharing economy that has been registered in recent years is caused by a number of factors. The increasingly pronounced effort on the part of all economic entities to contribute towards sustainable development through the application of socially responsible behavior is deemed to be a key factor. The objective of the article is to analyze and evaluate the attitudes of customers towards the benefits of the sharing economy in the field of economic, social, and environmental responsibility using the example of a small post-communist economy—the Czech Republic. Primary data were obtained on the basis of a questionnaire survey. This was elaborated using descriptive and inferential statistics tools. The study that was performed shows that the majority of customers regard sharing as a source of benefits in the field of economic, social, and environmental responsibility, whereas in a complex sense, they perceive these benefits to be equal. Women perceive the investigated benefits of sharing with regard to environmental responsibility as more important compared to men. In comparison with the older generation, the younger generation perceives selected benefits of sharing as more important in all three investigated areas of responsibility. People with a higher education perceive selected benefits of sharing with regard to economic responsibility as more important compared to people with a lower level of education. The article provides original insights into the perception of the benefits of sharing for sustainable development by actors in the sharing economy and is a source of knowledge about their motivations for both policymakers and managers of companies involved in the sharing economy.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sharing Economy in the Context of Sustainable Development and Social Responsibility: The Example of the Czech Republic

et al. 2021

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Section: Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In children aged 3–12 years old, the prevalence of upper respiratory tract symptoms such as a runny nose, sneezing and cough was positively associated with high 12-week mean PM 2.5 and PM 10 concentrations [ 70 ]. The difference between the frequency of symptoms between the control and the most polluted regions was about 10% [ 70 ]. Moreover, Wrotek et al reported that paediatric hospitalizations due to respiratory syncytial virus infections in Poland were significantly associated with a rise in either PM 2.5 , PM 10 or NO 2 concentrations [ 71 ].…”

Section: Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Pollution in Poland: A 2022 Narrative Review with Focus on Respiratory Diseases

Nazar

Niedoszytko

2022

IJERPH

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According to the World Bank Group, 36 of the 50 most polluted cities in the European Union are in Poland. Thus, ambient air pollution and its detrimental health effects are a matter of immense importance in Poland. This narrative review aims to analyse current findings on air pollution and health in Poland, with a focus on respiratory diseases, including COVID-19, as well as the Poles’ awareness of air pollution. PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases were searched. In total, results from 71 research papers were summarized qualitatively. In Poland, increased air pollution levels are linked to increased general and respiratory disease mortality rates, higher prevalence of respiratory diseases, including asthma, lung cancer and COVID-19 infections, reduced forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). The proximity of high traffic areas exacerbates respiratory health problems. People living in more polluted regions (south of Poland) and in the winter season have a higher level of air pollution awareness. There is an urgent need to reduce air pollution levels and increase public awareness of this threat. A larger number of multi-city studies are needed in Poland to consistently track the burden of diseases attributable to air pollution.

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“…Lagged concentrations of PM

exposure in Japan were associated with cough in asthmatic people, and even stronger associations were noted among those without asthma, with indications of a dose–response relationship [ 23 ]. Moderate levels of PM

exposure were linked with increased risk of upper respiratory tract infections in Poland [ 24 ]. PM

concentrations measured by backpack monitors in the Bronx, New York City, USA were associated with decreased lung function in schoolchildren [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term PM2.5 Exposure Is Associated with Symptoms of Acute Respiratory Infections among Children under Five Years of Age in Kenya, 2014

Larson

Espira

Glenn

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Introduction: Short-term exposures to air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM) have been associated with increased risk for symptoms of acute respiratory infections (ARIs). Less well understood is how long-term exposures to fine PM (PM2.5) might increase risk of ARIs and their symptoms. This research uses georeferenced Demographic Health Survey (DHS) data from Kenya (2014) along with a remote sensing based raster of PM2.5 concentrations to test associations between PM2.5 exposure and ARI symptoms in children for up to 12 monthly lags. Methods: Predicted PM2.5 concentrations were extracted from raster of monthly averages for latitude/longitude locations of survey clusters. These data and other environmental and demographic data were used in a logistic regression model of ARI symptoms within a distributed lag nonlinear modeling framework (DLNM) to test lag associations of PM2.5 exposure with binary presence/absence of ARI symptoms in the previous two weeks. Results: Out of 7036 children under five for whom data were available, 46.8% reported ARI symptoms in the previous two weeks. Exposure to PM2.5 within the same month and as an average for the previous 12 months was 18.31 and 22.1 µg/m3, respectively, far in excess of guidelines set by the World Health Organization. One-year average PM2.5 exposure was higher for children who experienced ARI symptoms compared with children who did not (22.4 vs. 21.8 µg/m3,p < 0.0001.) Logistic regression models using the DLNM framework indicated that while PM exposure was not significantly associated with ARI symptoms for early lags, exposure to high concentrations of PM2.5 (90th percentile) was associated with elevated odds for ARI symptoms along a gradient of lag exposure time even when controlling for age, sex, types of cooking fuels, and precipitation. Conclusions: Long-term exposure to high concentrations of PM2.5 may increase risk for acute respiratory problems in small children. However, more work should be carried out to increase capacity to accurately measure air pollutants in emerging economies such as Kenya.

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Air Pollution Increases the Incidence of Upper Respiratory Tract Symptoms among Polish Children

Cited by 43 publications

References 49 publications

The Sharing Economy in the Context of Sustainable Development and Social Responsibility: The Example of the Czech Republic

The Sharing Economy in the Context of Sustainable Development and Social Responsibility: The Example of the Czech Republic

Air Pollution in Poland: A 2022 Narrative Review with Focus on Respiratory Diseases

Long-Term PM2.5 Exposure Is Associated with Symptoms of Acute Respiratory Infections among Children under Five Years of Age in Kenya, 2014

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