Air quality control using a minimum pollution-dispatching algorithm

Sullivan, Robert; Hackett, David F.

doi:10.1021/es60083a008

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Early studies focused on minimizing costs of emission controls while keeping pollutant concentrations below threshold values (Kohn, 1969; Kyan and Seinfeld, 1972; Cass, 1981). Others focused on administrative controls and optimized dispatch schedules to minimize pollutant concentrations during periods of adverse meteorology (Sullivan and Hackett, 1973). A game theory model balanced economic motivations of stakeholders (e.g., polluters, the public and regulators), rather than cost-minimization alone (Bird and Kortanek, 1974).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing concentrations and health impacts of air quality management strategies: Framework for Rapid Emissions Scenario and Health impact ESTimation (FRESH-EST)

Milando

Martenies

Batterman

2016

Environment International

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In air quality management, reducing emissions from pollutant sources often forms the primary response to attaining air quality standards and guidelines. Despite the broad success of air quality management in the US, challenges remain. As examples: allocating emissions reductions among multiple sources is complex and can require many rounds of negotiation; health impacts associated with emissions, the ultimate driver for the standards, are not explicitly assessed; and long dispersion model run-times, which result from the increasing size and complexity of model inputs, limit the number of scenarios that can be evaluated, thus increasing the likelihood of missing an optimal strategy. A new modeling framework, called the "Framework for Rapid Emissions Scenario and Health impact ESTimation" (FRESH-EST), is presented to respond to these challenges. FRESH-EST estimates concentrations and health impacts of alternative emissions scenarios at the urban scale, providing efficient computations from emissions to health impacts at the Census block or other desired spatial scale. In addition, FRESH-EST can optimize emission reductions to meet specified environmental and health constraints, and a convenient user interface and graphical displays are provided to facilitate scenario evaluation. The new framework is demonstrated in an SO2 non-attainment area in southeast Michigan with two optimization strategies: the first minimizes emission reductions needed to achieve a target concentration; the second minimizes concentrations while holding constant the cumulative emissions across local sources (e.g., an emissions floor). The optimized strategies match outcomes in the proposed SO2 State Implementation Plan without the proposed stack parameter modifications or shutdowns. In addition, the lower health impacts estimated for these strategies suggest the potential for FRESH-EST to identify pollution control alternatives for air quality management planning.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing concentrations and health impacts of air quality management strategies: Framework for Rapid Emissions Scenario and Health impact ESTimation (FRESH-EST)

Milando

Martenies

Batterman

2016

Environment International

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“…In the equal incremental approaches, several techniques of economic dispatch problems have been developed in the past. In 1971, Gent and Gamont [2] proposed the Newton Raphson method which minimized the total NO X emission. By applying the air diffusion model, Delson [3] converted a multi-objectives problem into a single objective problem by assigning a different weight to each objective function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All the aforementioned strategies treated the active power balance constraints by either neglecting transmission losses or using approximate loss formulas. Nevertheless, those approaches [1][2][3][4][5] were not suitable for real-time dispatch of central air conditioning system. The objective of this paper is to propose a coordinate control strategy for variable water/air volume subsystem to achieve the most efficient operating conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A coordinate control approach for energy saving of central variable- frequency air conditioning systems

Tsai

2010

2010 5th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications

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This paper presents a coordinate control approach for energy saving of central variable-frequency air conditioning systems. The major contributions of this paper are composed of four parts. First, optimal driving conditions of induction motors used for central air conditioning systems are established to reduce motor losses. Second, the optimal operation condition of the air condition system under rated loading is used to find the optimal flow rates of the cooling water pumps using Lagrangian approach, thereby providing the optimal input frequencies of the induction motors under consideration. Third, the coordinate control algorithm is proposed to minimize total power consumption and determine the optimal cooling water temperatures under rated loading condition. Finally, the multi-adjustable speed drives controlled by PI controllers with the optimal setting and a wet ball temperature compensation strategy are used to conduct experimentation. Experimental results for a small-scale variable-frequency air conditioning system show that the proposed coordinate control is capable of achieving satisfactory energy saving.

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“…In this regard, Gent and Lamont (1971) had done the earliest work of minimum emission dispatch (MED). Many strategies (Sullivan, 1972;Sullivan and Hackett, 1973;Cadogan and Eisenberg, 1977) were suggested to solve the problem of emission minimization only. Several alternatives (Hu and Wee, 1994) for achieving such emission reductions include adding gas cleaner, switching fuel to low-sulphur fuel, and adopting a new power dispatch to name just a few.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic emission dispatch: a case study of Myanmar

Lin

Srivastava

1999

Int. J. Energy Res.

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Economic load dispatch (ELD), used as part of the modern energy management system basically minimizes the total generation fuel cost of thermal plants while satisfying various system constraints. However, ELD alone is not sufficient to reduce the pollutant emissions caused by fossil fuel burning for power generation. Thus, it becomes necessary to implement economic emission dispatch (EED) model, which aims to minimize both generation fuel cost and emissions simultaneously. Myanmar Power System is used as a case study in this model. The types of emissions considered in the study are carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). A practical ramp‐rate of turbine generator units is also formulated and studied in the model. Total emission constraint on the whole system is further implemented to investigate the effect of emission limit on the variation of generation schedule among generating plants. It is found that whenever minimum cost of operation is taken as sole objective in the model, the corresponding emission level increases. Similarly, minimum emission dispatch results in higher operating cost. Therefore, both objectives are conflicting in nature and some weights must be assigned to obtain a non‐inferior solution. The case where the ramp‐rate is considered in problem formulation incurs higher cost than that without it. Several trade‐off curves obtained can be taken as guidelines to fix the desired level of cost and emission together by the operators. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Air quality control using a minimum pollution-dispatching algorithm

Cited by 27 publications

References 1 publication

Assessing concentrations and health impacts of air quality management strategies: Framework for Rapid Emissions Scenario and Health impact ESTimation (FRESH-EST)

Assessing concentrations and health impacts of air quality management strategies: Framework for Rapid Emissions Scenario and Health impact ESTimation (FRESH-EST)

A coordinate control approach for energy saving of central variable- frequency air conditioning systems

Economic emission dispatch: a case study of Myanmar

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