Air–water flow measurements in a flat slope pooled stepped waterway

Felder, Stefan; Chanson, Hubert

doi:10.1139/cjce-2012-0464

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The amount of air entrained in the flow is a function of discharge per unit width, dynamic viscosity of water, acceleration due to gravity, flow velocity, fall height and surface tension (Felder and Chanson, 2013). A dimensional analysis using these variables produces C a as a function of the Froude number, Reynolds number ( R e ; equation (19)), Weber number ( W e ; equation (20)) or a fourth form called the liquid parameter or Morton number ( M o ; equation (21)), which is a constant for a given combination of fluid in the prototype and model (Markofsky and Kobus, 1978).…”

Section: Limitations and Future Scope For Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of step-pool hydrodynamics in mountain streams

Kalathil

Chandra

2019

Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment

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Step-pools are one of the major types of bed morphology prevalent in mountain streams. They have a unique flow structure as compared to low-gradient streams, in terms of large boundary elements and alternating super-critical and sub-critical flow conditions, which result in a non-uniform flow regime. Step-pools may also be constructed artificially to restore mountain incisions, and for creating close-to-nature fish passes. For hydraulic model development and various design considerations, the accurate prediction of flow phenomenon is required. This necessitates a detailed study of the turbulence phenomenon in natural step-pool reaches and its effect on the total flow. However, the influence of aerated conditions in step-pool hydrodynamics has not yet been adequately addressed. This paper presents a review of the mechanism of flow resistance and energy dissipation in step-pool mountain streams. Also, the significance of incorporating air entrainment in flow analysis, limitations and the way forward in modeling air–water flow in laboratory studies are discussed.

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Section: Limitations and Future Scope For Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of step-pool hydrodynamics in mountain streams

Kalathil

Chandra

2019

Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment

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“…Among them, Felder and Chanson (2013) and Thorwarth (2009) conducted physical experiments on pooled stepped spillways with chute slopes of

= 8.9°, 14.6°, and 26.8°, and the results showed that the energy dissipation efficiency of pooled stepped spillways performed well, but unstable free surface fluctuations occurred at a chute slope

of 8.9°, which could cause some potential problems for the step structure. Moreover, a new type of pooled stepped spillway which has a pool on the horizontal step face of every second step was also proposed, and its flow characteristics were investigated by several researchers [ 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Several experimental studies have been conducted to analyze the flow pattern of pooled stepped spillways, and the corresponding step spillway parameters in these studies are presented in Table 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Energy Dissipation of Interval-Pooled Stepped Spillways

Zhang

2022

Entropy

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The water flow characteristics over an interval-pooled stepped spillway are investigated by combining the renormalization group (RNG) k-ε turbulence model with the volume of fluid (VOF) interface capture technique in the present study. The results show that the energy dissipation performance of the interval-pooled stepped spillway was generally better than that of the pooled, stepped spillways and the traditional flat-panel stepped spillway. The omega vortex intensity identification method is introduced to evaluate the energy dissipation. Due to the formation of “pseudo-weir”, the energy dissipation did not increase with the growth of the pool’s height. In addition, the average vortex intensity can characterize the dissipation rate to some extent.

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“…Eguchi and Tanaka investigated that an intermediate-type weir profile was employed, and it allowed to store the water for some levels and released beyond a certain limit [3]. Felder and Chanson identified that the spillway flow is of great concern in not only dam but also in many fields including chemical engineering for uniform reactor cooling [4]. e flow pattern of the fluid should ensure no flow separation to avoid air entrapment as experimented by Ghare et al [5] and Hubert et al [6], 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Material Behaviour on Flow Uniformity over Different Spillway Weir Profiles

Singh

Senthilkumar

Mulugeta

2022

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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The spillway weir system finds an important application to achieve uniform flow in the open canal stream passages, for irrigation and in many industrial processes, majorly including cooling of reactor components with liquid sodium in prototype fast breeder reactors, process plants, and power industries. The optimal design of weir profile and the velocity of flow over the weir are the critical factors that need to be optimized to minimize flow separation in order to avoid entrainment of gas in flowing liquid, and also, the nonuniform cooling resulted in uneven temperature distributions in many thermohydraulic structures. In this research, the spillway weir profile made from SS-316, SS-304, concrete, and teak wood is compared for optimization of flow uniformity by means of hydraulic experiments conducted on the water-air model and also to investigate the behavior of flow past over the rectangular weir of three different radii 6 mm, 6.47 mm, and 7 mm, respectively, and the minimum of 1.2% flow separation was observed with 6.74 mm profile, and also, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based numerical simulation was performed in the fluid domain to validate the experimental data to attain the flow uniformity when flow past over the spillway weir profile and the results are highlighted. The experimental results on air entrapment, water film thickness, and velocity of water over the weir profile on the perspective of uniformity of flow are also discussed in detail.

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Air–water flow measurements in a flat slope pooled stepped waterway

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Review of step-pool hydrodynamics in mountain streams

Review of step-pool hydrodynamics in mountain streams

Analysis of Energy Dissipation of Interval-Pooled Stepped Spillways

Effect of Material Behaviour on Flow Uniformity over Different Spillway Weir Profiles

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