Airborne Antituberculosis Activity of Eucalyptus citriodora Essential Oil

Abstract

The rapid emergence of multi- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/XDR-TB) has created a pressing public health problem, which mostly affects regions with HIV/AIDS prevalence and represents a new constraint in the already challenging disease management of tuberculosis (TB). The present work responds to the need to reduce the number of contagious MDR/XRD-TB patients, protect their immediate environment, and interrupt the rapid spread by laying the groundwork for an inhalation therapy based on anti-TB-active constituents of the essential oil (EO) of Eucalyptus citriodora. In order to address the metabolomic complexity of EO constituents and active principles in botanicals, this study applied biochemometrics, a 3-D analytical approach that involves high-resolution CCC fractionation, GC-MS analysis, bioactivity measurements, and chemometric analysis. Thus, 32 airborne anti-TB-active compounds were identified in E. citriodora EO: the monoterpenes citronellol (1), linalool (3), isopulegol (5), and α-terpineol (7) and the sesquiterpenoids spathulenol (11), β-eudesmol (23), and τ-cadinol (25). The impact of the interaction of multiple components in EOs was studied using various artificial mixtures (AMxs) of the active monoterpenes 1, 2, and 5 and the inactive eucalyptol (33). Both neat 1 and the AMx containing 1, 2, and 33 showed airborne TB inhibition of >90%, while the major E. citriodora EO component, 2, was only weakly active, at 18% inhibition.

Medicinal Properties of Cannabinoids, Terpenes, and Flavonoids in Cannabis, and Benefits in Migraine, Headache, and Pain: An Update on Current Evidence and Cannabis Science

“…It helps treat nasal and sinus inflammation and secretions in acute nonpurulent rhinosinusitis and is used as a nasal decongestant and cough suppressant . It is anti‐fungal including activity against onychomycosis, anti‐cancer, antibacterial, anti‐tuberculosis, insecticidal, and inhibits cholesterol synthesis …”

In vitro evaluation of anticaries, antimycobacterial, antileishmanial and cytotoxic activities of essential oils from Eremanthus erythropappus and of α-bisabolol, their major sesquiterpene

“…It is a noteworthy result because very few natural compounds have been known to inhibit this microorganism, which is one of the primary causative agents of dental caries (Porto et al, 2009;Saleem et al, 2010). Regarding antimycobacterial activity, since few studies mention the application of EOs to fight mycobacteria (Alvarenga et al, 2014), the study reported by this paper advocates that it is relevant to carry out in vitro evaluations of this biological activity. Therefore, in vitro antimycobacterial activity of EL-EO, ES-EO and α-bisabolol against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. kansasii and M. avium was investigated by determining minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs, Table 3).…”

Countercurrent Separation of Natural Products: An Update

“… 35 The feasibility of this biochemometric approach was confirmed recently in a study of the anti-TB-active volatile constituents of Eucalyptus citriodora . 34 …”