Airborne biological particles and electric fields

Abstract

In November and December 1977 at McMurdo Station in Antarctica we investigated the kinds, numbers, and deposition of airborne particles larger than 2 μm while measuring electric field gradient at 2.5 m above the ground. Elementary collecting devices were used: Staplex Hi‐Volume and Roto‐rod samplers, Tauber (static sedimentation) traps, petrolatum‐coated microscope slides, and snow (melted and filtered). The electric fields were measured by a rotating dipole (Stanford Radioscience Laboratory field mill number 2). During periods of blowing snow and dust the electric field gradient was + 500 to + 2500 V/m, and Tauber traps with grounded covers collected 2 or more times as much snow and dust as the ones with ungrounded covers. During falling snow the electric field gradient was −1000 to −1500 V/m, and the ungrounded traps collected almost twice as much snow and dust as those grounded. These observations suggest that under the prevailing weather conditions in polar regions the probable net effect is deposition of greater quantities of dust, including diaspores and minute organisms, on wet, grounded surfaces. This hypothesis needs examination for its use in explanation of biological distribution patterns.

Illustrationen zum übertragenen Schmerz

“…Weiterhin ist zu bemerken, dass viele Ergebnisse nur auf nationaler Ebene und nichtenglischsprachig veröffentlicht wurden, sodass sie entsprechend in der medizinischen Literatur nur sehr selten oder gar nicht zitiert werden. Ein bedeutendes Beispiel hierfür sind die Arbeiten von Karl Hansen (1893Hansen ( -1962 Bei der Beschäftigung mit den gängi-gen Lehrbüchern der Anatomie, Physiologie und Neurologie [1,3,8,24,26,31] fällt dabei auf, dass man stets den gleichen Typ von Abbildung vorfindet (. Abb.…”

Cervikalcolumnas anatomi

“…Spaltene bidrar til nakkens bevegelighet, men siden de dukker først opp omkring C3-C5-nivået, hvor vi finner den sterkeste lordosen og belastningen i halsen (5), har det vaert antydet at de er uttrykk for sprekkdanning på grunn av belastning (5,17). Imidlertid finnes de hos alle mennesker, og fiberretningen viser at hvert av de to lagene danner en separat, fysiologisk enhet (fig 4).…”