Airborne Hydrogeophysics

Paine, Jeffrey G.; Minty, Brian

doi:10.1007/1-4020-3102-5_11

Cited by 44 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…With a 3-D volume of groundwater EC, as well as fresh-brackish-saline regions available for each inversion method, differences between the algorithms were analyzed in novel ways-with a practical and applied Table 6 Fresh, Saline, Brackish Classifications for Groundwater EC Used in This Paper, From Paine and Minty (2005) Conductivities (…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Geophysical Inversion Uncertainty Using Airborne Frequency Domain Electromagnetic Data—Applied at the Province of Zeeland, the Netherlands

King

Essink

Karaolis

et al. 2018

Water Resources Research

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An accurate understanding of the fresh‐saline distribution of groundwater is necessary for effective groundwater management. Airborne electromagnetic (AEM) surveys offer a rapid and cost‐effective method with which to map this, offering valuable additional information about the subsurface. To convert AEM data into electric conductivity and ultimately groundwater salinity, an inversion is undertaken. A number of algorithms are available for this purpose; however, these are affected by significant uncertainty, owing to inherent nonunique characteristics of this process. The most commonly used inversion codes in hydrogeophysical studies were quantitatively tested using frequency domain AEM and ground data from the province of Zeeland, the Netherlands. These include UBC1DFM code and quasi‐2D laterally constrained inversions. Following an investigation of inversion parameter settings, data were inverted for four inversion methods and interpolated into 3‐D volumes. Using geological data and empirical electrical conductivity and water salinity relationships, each inversion was converted into groundwater electrical conductivity and split into fresh‐brackish‐saline regions. For groundwater volume estimates out of a total volume of 2.8 billion m3, a fresh groundwater estimate could differ by as much as 178 million m3, depending on the inversion used. The primary factor here was the choice of model smoothness, which was shown to affect the thickness of the brackish interval. Fresh‐brackish‐saline interfaces were consistently mapped with an accuracy of ~3 m, the brackish being the most accurately resolved. The few layer method was less successful at resolving smoothly varying salinity distributions but more successful at mapping the brackish interface at greater depth.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Geophysical Inversion Uncertainty Using Airborne Frequency Domain Electromagnetic Data—Applied at the Province of Zeeland, the Netherlands

King

Essink

Karaolis

et al. 2018

Water Resources Research

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“…Electromagnetic (EM) induction is the most viable tool for hydrogeological studies because the measurements of electrical conductivity respond to both lithological and waterchemistry variations (Paine and Minty, 2005). Through EM induction eddy currents are created, and therefore no contact with the ground is required.…”

Section: Airborne Electromagnetic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Compiling geophysical and geological information into a 3-D model of the glacially-affected island of Föhr

Burschil

Scheer

Kirsch

et al. 2012

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Within the scope of climatic change and associated sea level rise, coastal aquifers are endangered and are becoming more a focus of research to ensure the future water supply in coastal areas. For groundwater modelling a good understanding of the geological/hydrogeological situation and the aquifer behavior is necessary. In preparation of groundwater modelling and assessment of climate change impacts on coastal water resources, we setup a geological/hydrogeological model for the North Sea Island of Föhr.Data from different geophysical methods applied from the air, the surface and in boreholes contribute to the 3-D model, e.g. airborne electromagnetics (SkyTEM) for spatial mapping the resistivity of the entire island, seismic reflections for detailed cross-sections in the groundwater catchment area, and geophysical borehole logging for calibration of these measurements. An iterative and integrated evaluation of the results from the different geophysical methods contributes to reliable data as input for the 3-D model covering the whole island and not just the well fields.The complex subsurface structure of the island is revealed. The local waterworks use a freshwater body embedded in saline groundwater. Several glaciations reordered the youngest Tertiary and Quaternary sediments by glaciotectonic thrust faulting, as well as incision and refill of glacial valleys. Both subsurface structures have a strong impact on the distribution of freshwater-bearing aquifers. A digital geological 3-D model reproduces the hydrogeological structure of the island as a base for a groundwater model. In the course of the data interpretation, we deliver a basis for rock identification.We demonstrate that geophysical investigation provide petrophysical parameters and improve the understanding of the subsurface and the groundwater system. The main benefit of our work is that the successful combination of electromagnetic, seismic and borehole data reveals the complex geology of a glacially-affected island. A sound understanding of the subsurface structure and the compilation of a 3-D model is imperative and the basis for a groundwater flow model to predict climate change effects on future water resources.

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“…Data were collected for 15 transmitted frequencies linearly spaced from 0.3 to 96 kHz, a band chosen because it provides usable low frequencies with depth of penetrations on the order of tens of meters (Paine and Minty 2005) and high frequencies, which tend to provide improved lateral resolution. The GEM-2 was mounted on a fiberglass cart at a standard survey height of 1 m and towed near the shoreline by an all-terrain vehicle (ATV) at a speed of approximately 1.2 m/s around each lake (Fig.…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined use of frequency-domain electromagnetic and electrical resistivity surveys to delineate near-lake groundwater flow in the semi-arid Nebraska Sand Hills, USA

et al. 2010

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A frequency-domain electromagnetic (FDEM) survey can be used to select locations for the more quantitative and labor-intensive electrical resistivity surveys. The FDEM survey rapidly characterized the groundwaterflow directions and configured the saline plumes caused by evaporation from several groundwater-dominated lakes in the Nebraska Sand Hills, USA. The FDEM instrument was mounted on a fiberglass cart and towed by an all-terrain vehicle, covering about 25km/day. Around the saline lakes, areas with high electrical conductivity are consistent with the regional and local groundwater flow directions. The efficacy of this geophysical approach is attributed to: the high contrast in electrical conductivity between various groundwater zones; the shallow location of the saline zones; minimal cultural interference; and relative homogeneity of the aquifer materials.

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Airborne Hydrogeophysics

Cited by 44 publications

References 86 publications

Quantifying Geophysical Inversion Uncertainty Using Airborne Frequency Domain Electromagnetic Data—Applied at the Province of Zeeland, the Netherlands

Quantifying Geophysical Inversion Uncertainty Using Airborne Frequency Domain Electromagnetic Data—Applied at the Province of Zeeland, the Netherlands

Compiling geophysical and geological information into a 3-D model of the glacially-affected island of Föhr

Combined use of frequency-domain electromagnetic and electrical resistivity surveys to delineate near-lake groundwater flow in the semi-arid Nebraska Sand Hills, USA

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