Airborne Transmission of Nosocomial Varicella from Localized Zoster

Josephson, Alan S.; Gombert, Myles E.

doi:10.1093/infdis/158.1.238

Cited by 110 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A household study reported that 16% of susceptible children Ͻ15 years old exposed to herpes zoster developed varicella (121). Unlike transmission from cases of varicella, transmission from cases of HZ appears to occur most commonly through direct contact with lesions, although there have been reports that suggested that airborne transmission occurs (65,83,117,130,131,155).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Varicella Vaccine on Varicella-Zoster Virus Dynamics

Schmid¹,

Jumaan

2010

Clin Microbiol Rev

113

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SUMMARY The licensure and recommendation of varicella vaccine in the mid-1990s in the United States have led to dramatic declines in varicella incidence and varicella-related deaths and hospitalizations. Varicella outbreaks remain common and occur increasingly in highly vaccinated populations. Breakthrough varicella in vaccinated individuals is characteristically mild, typically with fewer lesions that frequently do not progress to a vesicular stage. As such, the laboratory diagnosis of varicella has grown increasingly important, particularly in outbreak settings. In this review the impact of varicella vaccine on varicella-zoster virus (VZV) disease, arising complications in the effective diagnosis and monitoring of VZV transmission, and the relative strengths and limitations of currently available laboratory diagnostic techniques are all addressed. Since disease symptoms often resolve in outbreak settings before suitable test specimens can be obtained, the need to develop new diagnostic approaches that rely on alternative patient samples is also discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Varicella Vaccine on Varicella-Zoster Virus Dynamics

Schmid¹,

Jumaan

2010

Clin Microbiol Rev

113

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“…Lezyonların gövde-de (genellikle giysi ile örtülü) ve el veya bacak gibi açık bir bölgede olmasının, bulaş-ma açısından benzer olduğu saptanmıştır (13) . Ayrıca literatürde lokalize zona zoster infeksiyonundan havayolu ile bulaşmanın olduğunu da bildirilen olgu sunumları mevcuttur (4) . Lopez ve ark.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Chickenpox Disease After the Zona Zoster Infection

Uyan¹,

Pullukçu²,

Taşbakan³

et al. 2017

Ankem Derg

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ÖZET GİRİŞSuçiçeği; Varisella Zoster Virüsü'nün (VZV) etken olduğu, genellikle çocuklarda gelişen, veziküller lezyonlar ve ateş yüksek-liği ile seyreden bir hastalıktır. İnkübasyon süresi 10-21 gündür. Virüs, infeksiyonun geçirilmesi sonrası dorsal kök ve gangliyonlarda latent olarak kalmaktadır. Latent virü-sün reaktivasyonu sonrası bulunduğu dermatomda ağrı ile gelişen veziküler dökün-tülü zona zoster infeksiyonu gelişebilmek-tedir. Zona zoster gelişimi açısından en önemli risk faktörleri; ileri yaş, malignite, diyabetes mellitus ve immün supresif ilaç kullanımıdır (1,2,6) .

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“…19 In addition, exposure to herpes zoster may go under recognized because there is only moderate awareness that herpes zoster is contagious via airborne droplets and not only from direct contact with skin lesions. 18,[20][21][22] There is no doubt that various causes of maculopapular rashes exist and some of them are noninfectious. While it is not feasible to test every patient with a maculopapular rash for a variety of reasons, we believe that once varicella is suspected, one should test to confirm the diagnosis, because of the related public health implications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices for Diagnosing Breakthrough Varicella in the Outpatient Setting

et al. 2012

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Objectives. We assessed provider knowledge, attitudes, and practices for the management of breakthrough varicella and identified barriers to implementation of laboratory testing and reporting.Methods. We surveyed 145 health-care providers (HCPs) from 30 pediatric practices in Philadelphia who did not have a history of laboratory testing for breakthrough varicella. The self-administered survey instrument collected information on clinicians' practices for management of children presenting with rash, infection-control strategies, reporting to public health agencies, and laboratory testing.Results. Among the 144 HCPs who completed the survey, 73 (51%) had practiced for more than 10 years. While 115 HCPs (80%) would elect to evaluate a child with rash in the office, only 19 (13%) would submit diagnostics. When patients had a known recent exposure to varicella, 84 HCPs (58%) would use laboratory tests: 40% would use direct fluorescent antibody staining on a specimen from a cutaneous lesion, 24% would use polymerase chain reaction on a lesion specimen, 21% would use acute and convalescent serology, and 10% would use other tests. While waiting for test results, 82 HCPs (57%) would advise that the child be kept at home, 39 (27%) would notify the local health department, and 33 (23%) would inform the school nurse.Conclusion. As varicella becomes increasingly uncommon, laboratory confirmation becomes more critical for appropriate diagnosis, similar to poliomyelitis and measles. Our findings suggest that HCPs need further education regarding laboratory confirmation, containment, and reporting of breakthrough varicella.

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Airborne Transmission of Nosocomial Varicella from Localized Zoster

Cited by 110 publications

References 9 publications

Impact of Varicella Vaccine on Varicella-Zoster Virus Dynamics

Impact of Varicella Vaccine on Varicella-Zoster Virus Dynamics

Chickenpox Disease After the Zona Zoster Infection

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices for Diagnosing Breakthrough Varicella in the Outpatient Setting

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