Airborne transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2 via aerosols

Comber, Laura; Murchu, Eamon O; Drummond, Linda; Carty, Paul; Walsh, Kieran; Gascun, Cillian F. De; Connolly, M.; Smith, Susan M; O’Neill, Michelle; Ryan, Máirín; Harrington, Patricia

doi:10.1002/rmv.2184

Cited by 62 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The countries with the most infections include the USA, India, Brazil, Mexico, Spain, Russia, Germany, France, Italy, the United Kingdom and China ( Gozali, 2020 ; WHO, 2020 ). Despite meteorological factors, air pollution might be one of the environmental drivers that exacerbated the risk of death due to COVID-19 as it may be possible for the virus to be transmitted via aerosols, adsorbed onto particulate matter or be airborne ( Comber et al, 2020 ; Prather et al, 2020 ; van Doremalen et al, 2020 ). Sanità di Toppi et al (2020) reported that COVID-19 virus was detected in aerosols up to three hours after aerosolization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The concentration of major air pollutants during the movement control order due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Klang Valley, Malaysia

Latif

Dominick

Hawari

et al. 2021

Sustainable Cities and Society

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The concentration of major air pollutants during the movement control order due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Klang Valley, Malaysia

Latif

Dominick

Hawari

et al. 2021

Sustainable Cities and Society

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“…The role of SARS-CoV-2 airborne spreading in the current pandemic is still under debate, although there is growing evidence that susceptible individuals might be infected by this route of transmission [7][8][9] Although this method needs further optimization, it can be readily used for SARS-CoV-2 airborne surveillance. The procedure is easy to handle, cost efficient and suitable to be used worldwide even in emerging and developing countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is growing evidence for a transmission of SARS-CoV-2 via aerosols. [7][8][9] However, only a few studies have been published to date. Liu et al reported SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in different areas of two hospitals in Wuhan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Airborne Surveillance Using Non-Powered Cold Traps

Sg¹,

Foerderer²,

Stremmel³

2021

Preprint

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BackgroundCOVID-19 pandemic is a worldwide challenge requiring efficient containment strategies. High-throughput SARS-CoV-2 testing and legal restrictions are not effective in order to get the current outbreak under control. Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants with a higher transmissibility require efficient strategies for early detection and surveillance.MethodsSARS-CoV-2 RNA levels were determined by quantitative RT-PCR in aerosols collected by non-powered cold traps. SARS-CoV-2 spreading kinetics and indoor hotspots could be identified in isolation units and at public places within a high-endemic area. These included an outpatient endoscopy facility, a concert hall, and a shopping mall.ResultsIndoor COVID-19 hotspots were found in non-ventilated areas and in zones that are predisposed to a buoyancy (chimney) effect. SARS-CoV-2 RNA in those aerosols reached concentrations of 105 copies/mL. Extensive outdoor air ventilation reliably eliminates SARS-CoV-2 aerosol contamination.ConclusionsThe method presented herein could predict SARS-CoV-2 indoor hotspots and may help to characterize SARS-CoV-2 spreading kinetics. Moreover, it can be used for the surveillance of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Due to low costs and easy handling, the procedure might enable efficient algorithms for COVID-19 prevention and screening.

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“…Recovered COVID-19 positive residents stayed in the COVID-19 positive area despite limited evidence for immunity, as no human reinfection had yet been confirmed [ 23 ]. Droplets, direct contact and possibly aerosols were assumed to be the primary mode of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 [ 4 ]. As testing capacity was still limited, no environmental samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 in the facility.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted by both respiratory droplets (> 5 µm) and contact with respiratory secretions. The contribution of aerosols (particles ≤ 5 µm which can be spread over larger distances) is not yet clear [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of a COVID-19 outbreak in a nursing home by general screening and cohort isolation in Germany, March to May 2020

Krone

Noffz²,

Richter³

et al. 2021

Eurosurveillance

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Elderly care facilities have become a major focus of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) control. Here, we describe an outbreak of COVID-19 in a nursing home in Germany from 8 March to 4 May 2020 (58 days), and the effect of an intervention of general screening and cohort isolation. COVID-19 cases among residents and staff were recorded on a daily basis from the first positive SARS-CoV-2 test from a resident on 8 March 2020, until 4 May 2020 when the last staff member was classified COVID-19 negative. Eighty of 160 residents (50%) and 37 of 135 staff members (27%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Twenty-seven of the 80 residents were asymptomatic but tested positive during the first general screening. Cohort isolation of SARS-CoV-2 positive residents by reorganising the facility proved to be a major effort. After the intervention, four further asymptomatic residents tested positive in follow-up screenings within a period of 6 days, and were possibly infected prior to the intervention. Thereafter, no further infections were recorded among residents. The described outbreak was controlled by implementing general screening and rigorous cohort isolation, providing a blueprint for similar facilities.

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Airborne transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2 via aerosols

Cited by 62 publications

References 45 publications

The concentration of major air pollutants during the movement control order due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Klang Valley, Malaysia

The concentration of major air pollutants during the movement control order due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Klang Valley, Malaysia

SARS-CoV-2 Airborne Surveillance Using Non-Powered Cold Traps

Control of a COVID-19 outbreak in a nursing home by general screening and cohort isolation in Germany, March to May 2020

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