Aircraft ice-nucleating particle and aerosol composition measurements in the Western North American Arctic

Sanchez-Marroquín, Alberto; Barr, SL; Burke, Ian T.; McQuaid, James B.; Murray, Benjamin J.

doi:10.5194/acp-2022-589

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 46 publications

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“…Over recent decades, numerous studies have focused on investigating heterogeneous ice nucleation in various atmospheric environments (Gong et al, 2022;Chen et al, 2021;Testa et al, 2021;Knopf et al, 2023;Harrison et al, 2022;Ren et al, 2023;Sanchez-Marroquin et al, 2023). In lowaltitude atmospheric environments, the abundance of ground-based sources and sinks results in spatial distribution heterogeneity (Larsen, 2007), which restricts the characterization of INP properties on a regional scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement report: Atmospheric ice nuclei in the Changbai Mountains (2623 m a.s.l.) in northeastern Asia

Sun,

Zhu,

et al. 2024

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Atmospheric ice nucleation plays an important role in modulating the global hydrological cycle and atmospheric radiation balance. To date, few comprehensive field observations of ice nuclei have been carried out at high-altitude sites, which are close to the height of mixed-phase cloud formation. In this study, we measured the concentration of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) in the immersion freezing mode at the summit of the Changbai Mountains (2623 m above sea level), northeast Asia, in summer 2021. The cumulative number concentration of INPs varied from 1.6 × 10−3 to 78.3 L−1 over the temperature range of −5.5 to −29.0 °C. Proteinaceous-based biological materials accounted for the majority of INPs, with the proportion of biological INPs (bio-INPs) exceeding 67 % across the entire freezing-temperature range, with this proportion even exceeding 90 % above −13.0 °C. At freezing temperatures ranging from −11.0 to −8.0 °C, bio-INPs were found to significantly correlate with wind speed (r = 0.5–0.8, p < 0.05) and Ca2+ (r = 0.6–0.9), and good but not significant correlation was found with isoprene (r = 0.6–0.7) and its oxidation products (isoprene × O3) (r = 0.7), suggesting that biological aerosols may attach to or mix with soil dust and contribute to INPs. During the daytime, bio-INPs showed a positive correlation with the planetary boundary layer (PBL) height at freezing temperatures ranging from −22.0 to −19.5 °C (r > 0.7, p < 0.05), with the valley breezes from southern mountainous regions also influencing the concentration of INPs. Moreover, the long-distance transport of air mass from the Japan Sea and South Korea significantly contributed to the high concentrations of bio-INPs. Our study emphasizes the important role of biological sources of INPs in the high-altitude atmosphere of northeastern Asia and the significant contribution of long-range transport to the INP concentrations in this region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement report: Atmospheric ice nuclei in the Changbai Mountains (2623 m a.s.l.) in northeastern Asia

Sun,

Zhu,

et al. 2024

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Aircraft ice-nucleating particle and aerosol composition measurements in the western North American Arctic

Sanchez-Marroquin,

Barr,

Burke

et al. 2023

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Knowledge of the temperature-dependent concentration of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) is crucial to understanding the properties of mixed-phase clouds. However, the sources, transport and removal of INPs around the globe, and particularly in the Arctic region, are poorly understood. In the Arctic winter and spring, when many local sources are covered by ice and snow, it is not clear which INP types are important. In this study, we present a new dataset of aircraft-based immersion mode INP measurements and aerosol size-resolved composition in the western North American Arctic from 11 to 21 March 2018. Aerosol samples were collected between ∼ 70 and 600 m above the surface on filters that were analysed using both a freezing droplet-based assay and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The measured INP concentrations were at or close to the limit of detection, with concentrations at −20 ∘C of 1 L−1 or below. The size-resolved composition measurements indicates that the aerosol concentrations were low, dominated mostly by sea spray aerosol and mineral dust. Further analysis shows that mineral dust is important for the ice-nucleating properties of our samples, dominating over the sea spray aerosol particles in the four cases we analysed, suggesting that mineral dust is a relevant type of INP in the Alaskan springtime Arctic. Furthermore, the INP concentrations are more consistent with fertile soil dusts that have an ice-active biological component than what would be expected for the ice-active mineral K-feldspar alone. While we cannot rule out local high-latitude sources of dust, the relatively small size of the mineral dust implies that the dust was from distant sources.

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Measurement report: Atmospheric Ice Nuclei at Changbai Mountain (2623 m a.s.l.) in Northeastern Asia

Sun

Zhu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Abstract. Atmospheric ice nucleation plays an important role in modifying the global hydrological cycle and atmospheric radiation balance. To date, few comprehensive field observations of ice nuclei have been carried out at high-altitude sites, which is close to the height of mixed-phase cloud formation. In this study, we measured the concentrations of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) in the immersion freezing mode at the summit of Changbai Mountain (2623 m above sea level), Northeast Asia, in summer 2021. The cumulative number concentration of INPs varied from 3.8 × 10−3 L−1 to 2.3 L−1 over the temperature range from −20.5 °C to −5.5 °C. Proteinaceous-based biological materials accounted for the majority of INPs, with the proportion of biological INPs (bio-INPs) exceeding 75 % across the entire freezing temperature range, with this proportion even exceeding 90 % above −13.0 °C. At freezing temperatures ranging from −11 °C to −8 °C, bio-INPs were found to significantly correlate with wind speed and Ca2+, and weakly correlate with isoprene and its oxidation products (isoprene × O3), suggesting that biological aerosols may attach to soil dust surfaces and contribute to INPs. During the daytime, bio-INPs showed a positive correlation with the planetary boundary layer height, with the valley breezes from southwestern mountainous regions also influencing the concentration of INPs. Moreover, the long-distance transport of air mass from the Japan Sea and South Korea significantly contributed to the high concentrations of bio-INPs. Our study emphasizes the important role of biological sources of INPs in the high-altitude atmosphere of northeastern Asia, as well as the significant contribution of long-range transport to the INPs concentrations in this region.

show abstract

Aircraft ice-nucleating particle and aerosol composition measurements in the Western North American Arctic

Cited by 3 publications

References 46 publications

Measurement report: Atmospheric ice nuclei in the Changbai Mountains (2623 m a.s.l.) in northeastern Asia

Measurement report: Atmospheric ice nuclei in the Changbai Mountains (2623 m a.s.l.) in northeastern Asia

Aircraft ice-nucleating particle and aerosol composition measurements in the western North American Arctic

Measurement report: Atmospheric Ice Nuclei at Changbai Mountain (2623 m a.s.l.) in Northeastern Asia

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