Aircraft Navigation

Abstract

Navigation is an essential part of flying where crew keep track of the position of a moving aircraft relative to the Earth. Early in aviation history the tools for this were maps, compass, airspeed, indicator, clock, and astronavigation. Modern systems in the craft, on the ground and in space, have to a large degree automated this task and provides high accuracy and availability. There are now ground based navigation systems with area coverage, specialized systems for landing procedures, radio beacons, distance measuring equipment, radar and transponders, inertial navigation systems, and satellite navigation receivers. Equally important as these technical aids are air traffic control, maps, and procedures. Today the art of air navigation involves a working knowledge of all these systems.

A Survey on Coping With Intentional Interference in Satellite Navigation for Manned and Unmanned Aircraft

“…Aircraft navigation has evolved over the times from magnetic compasses and beacons-based solutions, such as VOR, DME, Tactical Air Navigation System (TACAN), to GNSS and Inertial Navigation System (INS) solutions [11]. For example, DME is used to measure the distance between the aircraft and the DME station usually located in the runaway.…”