Airport Malaria in Non-Endemic Areas: New Insights into Mosquito Vectors, Case Management and Major Challenges

Alenou, Leo Dilane; Etang, Josiane

doi:10.3390/microorganisms9102160

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 83 publications

(136 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Locally acquired malaria, where cases are mainly concentrated around international airports, is known as airport malaria. 9 The risk factor for this patient may be related to his work as a motorcycle taxi driver. Driving a vehicle in the area around the airport to pick up passengers can increase the patient's risk of being bitten by Anopheles mosquitoes around the airport.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges of Diagnosing Severe Malaria with Complications in Adult Patients: A Case Report

Bur,

Nelwan,

Danasasmita

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Malaria is known to be the main cause of death in malaria-endemic areas. The authors report a case of severe malaria in an adult with no history of travel from an endemic area with good outcomes after hospitalization. Case Presentation: A 46-year-old man was brought to the Emergency Room (ER) because of fever and chills for six days. Complaints were accompanied by nausea and vomiting three times a day. Patients also experience headaches, weakness, coughing, and runny nose. The patient had no history of traveling from a malaria-endemic area. The patient was transferred from the Emergency Department (ED) to the High Care Unit (HCU), and during one day of intensive medical care at the HCU, there was a clinical deterioration characterized by dyspnea, icteric sclerae, acral edema, tenderness in both calves, and rash in the abdominal area. Due to worsening respiratory function, the patient was placed on a ventilator. During intensive medical treatment, the patient continued to show deterioration. The clinical findings suggest a possible feature of Weil's disease or fulminant hepatitis, and although the patient was on intensive care, there was no clinically significant improvement. Furthermore, microscopic blood smear examination and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for malaria were carried out on the 4th day of treatment with negative results. As there was no clinically significant improvement, it was decided to take a blood smear and repeat RDT on the twelfth day, and it showed a positive result for falciparum malaria. Subsequently, artesunate was administered intravenously, and the patient's condition began to improve with a negative parasite count the following day. The patient was discharged in good clinical condition on day 25 of treatment. Conclusion: Good quality malaria diagnostic techniques are essential to diagnose malaria. A timely diagnosis of malaria has the potential to save the patient. Because Jakarta is not a malaria endemic area, it was concluded that this case was an imported malaria case.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges of Diagnosing Severe Malaria with Complications in Adult Patients: A Case Report

Bur,

Nelwan,

Danasasmita

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Malaria parasite transmission in airports can be caused by infected Anopheles mosquitoes carried in by aircraft, which can survive long flights and adapt to the new environment for adequate time after arrival (Siala et al 2015). The resulting autochthonous (locally acquired) malaria is known as "airport malaria," since cases are primarily localized around international airports (Siala et al 2015;Alenou and Etang 2021). The travels of Anopheles mosquito vectors and humans infected with Plasmodium spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The travels of Anopheles mosquito vectors and humans infected with Plasmodium spp. parasites are strongly linked to the epidemiological patterns of imported malaria (Alenou and Etang 2021;Van Bortel et al 2021). Furthermore, airport safety management measures are necessary to minimize and prevent the risk of malaria, considering that this disease can rapidly become fatal if not diagnosed and treated promptly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquatic biodiversity in a pond on the airport landside areas through environmental DNA metabarcoding: Implementation for Aviation Security Management

Priyono

REZA²,

EPRILURAHMAN³

et al. 2022

Biodiversitas

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Priyono DS, Reza A, Eprilurahman R, Yudha DS, Mufti D, Fauzy NH, Triyono RB, Adhi PK. 2022. Aquatic biodiversity in a pond on the airport landside areas through environmental DNA metabarcoding: Implementation for Aviation Security Management. Biodiversitas 23: 3639-3646. Environmental DNA (eDNA) has become a widely used tool for aquatic biodiversity monitoring, as well as for formulating effective landscape management strategies. Yogyakarta International Airport (YIA), Indonesia, has a green belt landscape located on the Indian Ocean coast. YIA's landscape biodiversity analysis is still unexplored. Herein, we first used high throughput sequencing DNA metabarcoding to identify and investigate aquatic biodiversity in a pond on the airport landside areas. The metabarcoding eDNA sequencing analysis yielded 224,737 raw reads from the metagenomics utilizing Illumina MiSeq sequencing. We identified 588 eukaryote species from 205 families and 300 genera. Actinopteri is the most dominant class with a diversity of 160 taxa, followed by Mammalia (88), Amphibia (60), and Chlorophyceae (25). At the order level, Anura has the highest order diversity (50), followed by Rodentia (31), Chiroptera (17), Eulipotyphla (16), Squamata (15), and Cypriniformes (14). We found that Plasmodium was the genus with the highest relative abundance in this pond (18,030 reads). Furthermore, the large variety of fish and other taxa in this pond may attract waterbirds, increasing the risk of bird strike. The abundance of Plasmodium sp. in this airport area is an important issue, especially regarding airport malaria risk. Integration of biodiversity monitoring using eDNA with aviation security management provides valuable information for the airport's wildlife hazard management plan. To prevent the recurrence of bird strikes and prevent airport malaria, aviation security strategies utilizing habitat management approaches are recommended.

show abstract

“…According to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), autochthonous cases occur sporadically in Europe, which can be either nosocomial or vector-borne origin [ 6 , 9 , 10 ]. There has also been observed an increasing number of so-called airport malaria in the period 2010–2020 in Europe [ 11 ].…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Malaria In Europe Canada and The Usamentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfusion-Transmitted Malaria and Mitigation Strategies in Nonendemic Regions

Niederhauser

Galel

2022

Transfus Med Hemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium. These parasites can be transmitted by blood transfusion especially through Red Cell Blood Concentrates collected from asymptomatic and parasitemic donors. As migration of populations from endemic areas to Europe and overseas recreational travel to endemic regions increase, there is growing risk of transfusion-transmitted malaria (TTM) in nonendemic regions of the world. The present work provides an overview of the mitigation strategies in nonendemic countries and their effectiveness and discusses possible approaches to evolve the strategies in order to maintain both a safe and adequate blood supply. Summary: The historical and current situation of malaria and TTM in Europe and on the North American continent are described. The infectivity of Plasmodium in blood components and the consequences of TTM are presented, along with the regulations and guidelines for TTM mitigation in Europe, USA, and Canada. The regulations/guidelines currently in place in Europe allow a certain amount of leeway for local policies. A questionnaire was used to survey European countries regarding their current strategies and recent TTM cases. From the questionnaire and published cases, approximately 20 cases of TTM were identified in the past 20 years in the USA and Europe. The vast majority of implicated donors have been former residents of malaria-endemic areas, particularly former residents of hyperendemic areas in Africa. The most recent TTM cases are discussed in detail to provide insight into the gaps in current strategies. The utility and uncertainties of pathogen reduction and serological and molecular testing methods are discussed. Key Messages: Overall, the risk of transfusion-associated malaria in nonendemic countries is considered to be low and very few TTM cases occurred in these regions in the last 20 years. The questionnaire-based strategy with questions about risk in relation to malaria exposure with or without selective testing based on questioning seems to be relatively effective, although rare and sometimes fatal transmissions still occur. An outstanding question is whether in the future molecular methods may further improve the safety of blood products and help constrain the loss of donors.

show abstract

Airport Malaria in Non-Endemic Areas: New Insights into Mosquito Vectors, Case Management and Major Challenges

Cited by 16 publications

References 83 publications

Challenges of Diagnosing Severe Malaria with Complications in Adult Patients: A Case Report

Challenges of Diagnosing Severe Malaria with Complications in Adult Patients: A Case Report

Aquatic biodiversity in a pond on the airport landside areas through environmental DNA metabarcoding: Implementation for Aviation Security Management

Transfusion-Transmitted Malaria and Mitigation Strategies in Nonendemic Regions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About