Airway analysis in skeletal Class I and Class II subjects with different growth patterns: A 2D cephalometric study

Ponnada, Swaroopa Rani; Ganugapanta, Vivek Reddy; Perumalla, Kiran Kumar; Naqeed, Mohammed A; Harini, T; Mandaloju, Shiva Praasad

doi:10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_49_20

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Ponnada et al discovered that nasopharyngeal linear and angular measurements were lower in class II vertical growers than in class I ordinary growers. The nasopharyngeal region was also shown to be smaller in class II vertical growers [ 12 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporomandibular Joint Disorder and Airway in Class II Malocclusion: A Review

Rathi¹,

Gilani²,

Kamble³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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In class II malocclusion, there is an anteroposterior disparity between the upper dentition and the lower dentition, which may or may not be accompanied by a skeletal discrepancy. For orthodontists, this is one of the common malocclusions encountered during clinical practice. This might be due to excess maxillary growth or retarded growth of the mandible or a combination of both. In such types of malocclusion, both the upper and lower airways are affected, the lower one most commonly. Characteristic features seen are a narrow maxillary arch, a proclined upper anterior, and mouth breathing as a developing habit. Also, the position of the condyle in the skeletal type of class II malocclusion plays a vital role in the development of temporomandibular joint disorders. Treating such disparity in a growing individual leads to better results in the long term as well as prevention of malocclusion taking a severe form. Myofunctional appliances are useful for repositioning the mandible as well as the condyle. In adults, extraction of the upper premolars is most commonly done for the correction of class II malocclusion. This provides the patient with a better esthetic appearance. In addition to this, various treatment modalities, such as splint therapy, exercise, and prolotherapy, are beneficial for pain relief and temporomandibular disorder (TMD) correction. This article deals with the characteristics, development, etiology, and comprehensive treatment options of class II malocclusion and its co-relation with the upper and lower airway along with the severity of temporomandibular joint disorders. Repositioning of the condyle in the glenoid fossae is the key to the correction of this disorder.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporomandibular Joint Disorder and Airway in Class II Malocclusion: A Review

Rathi¹,

Gilani²,

Kamble³

et al. 2022

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Upper airway obstruction (UAO) can lead to serious health issues such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), snoring, and significant respiratory difficulties. These conditions severely impact the quality of life and are linked to long-term health risks, including cardiovascular diseases and hypertension [1,2]. Addressing UAO requires comprehensive diagnostic approaches, typically involving invasive methods, such as spirometry, which may cause discomfort and are complex to administer [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using a Portable Ventilatory Airway Screening (PVAS) Device to Evaluate the Difference Between Upper Airway Breathing Pressure and Respiratory Flow in Skeletal Class I and Class II Growing Individuals With Retrognathic Mandible

Hazare,

Kamble,

Shrivastav

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Background Upper airway obstruction (UAO) is a significant clinical concern due to its potential to lead to serious health issues, including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cardiovascular diseases. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as spirometry, are often invasive and complex. This study aims to validate a portable ventilatory airway screening (PVAS) device as a non-invasive, cost-effective alternative for measuring upper airway breathing pressure and respiratory flow. Objectives To validate the accuracy of the PVAS device in measuring upper airway breathing pressure and respiratory flow by comparing its readings with those obtained from standard spirometry tests. Methods This cross-sectional analytical study involved 40 growing individuals aged 10-14 years, divided into two groups based on cephalometric analysis: Skeletal Class I (20 patients) and Skeletal Class II with retrognathic mandible (20 patients). Breathing pressure, volume, and velocity measurements were recorded using both the PVAS device and spirometry, and their accuracy was compared. Results The PVAS device showed high concordance with spirometry results, demonstrating significant accuracy in measuring breathing pressure, volume, and velocity. Skeletal Class II individuals exhibited significantly higher breathing pressure and reduced respiratory flow compared to Class I individuals, as measured by the PVAS device. Conclusion The PVAS device is a valid and accurate tool for non-invasive measurement of upper airway breathing pressure and respiratory flow. Its ease of use and reliability make it a valuable tool for clinical practice, particularly in the early diagnosis and management of airway obstructions.

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Pharyngeal width comparison in different skeletal malocclusions and growth patterns of Nepalese population

Chaudhary,

Giri,

Gyawali

et al. 2024

Journal of Oral Research and Review

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Context: Regarding the relationship between the size of the pharynx and several sagittal skeletal malocclusions and patterns of growth, contradictory findings have been documented. Aims: The intent of this research was to analyze the size of the pharynx in various sagittal malocclusions and growth patterns in the Nepalese population. Settings and Design: An analytic cross-sectional research was undertaken on patients who attended the Orthodontics Division of BPKIHS. Materials and Methods: A total of 135 patients’ lateral cephalometric radiographs were gathered. Medians and interquartile ranges of pharyngeal widths according to McNamara airway analysis and Arnett/Gunson FAB airway analysis adapted by Santiago et al. in different skeletal malocclusions and growth patterns were compared. Results: There was not any discernible statistically noteworthy variation within the upper pharynx size, lower pharyngeal width, nasopharyngeal width (WNP), oropharyngeal width, hypopharyngeal width (WHP), and deep pharyngeal width (WDP) in different skeletal malocclusions. A statistically significant variation was discovered in nasopharyngeal size (P = 0.010), hypopharyngeal size (P = 0.027), and deep pharyngeal size (P < 0.001) in various patterns of growth, i.e. hypodivergent versus normodivergent, and in hypodivergent versus hyperdivergent, not in normodivergent versus hyperdivergent group of patients. Conclusion: There was not anything statistically noteworthy variation in the pharyngeal widths of the participants with respect to the various skeletal malocclusions. WNP, WHP, and WDP showed a statistically significant variation between hypodivergent versus normodivergent and hypodivergent versus hyperdivergent growth patterns.

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Airway analysis in skeletal Class I and Class II subjects with different growth patterns: A 2D cephalometric study

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Temporomandibular Joint Disorder and Airway in Class II Malocclusion: A Review

Temporomandibular Joint Disorder and Airway in Class II Malocclusion: A Review

Using a Portable Ventilatory Airway Screening (PVAS) Device to Evaluate the Difference Between Upper Airway Breathing Pressure and Respiratory Flow in Skeletal Class I and Class II Growing Individuals With Retrognathic Mandible

Pharyngeal width comparison in different skeletal malocclusions and growth patterns of Nepalese population

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