Aislamiento, Caracterización Y Patogenicidad De Hongos Asociados a La Enfermedad De Petri

Abstract

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Peru has become the leading exporter of table grapes focusing its production in the Piura and Ica regions. However, most of the young vineyards (<5 years) in the Piura region have been showing symptoms of Petri's disease. <strong>Objective</strong>: To isolate, identify and pathogenicity evaluation of fungi associated with Petri disease. <strong>Methodology:</strong> Isolates were obtained from necrotic streaks in vascular bundles in plants with symptoms of the Petri disease. Identification was performed with the keys proposed by Mostert, by means of macro and microscopic observations. Pathogenicity tests were also performed by measuring the advancement of the length of the necrotic streak (LNE). <strong>Results:</strong> By their cultural and microscopic characteristics, the following were identified: <em>Phaeoacremonium</em> spp, <em>P. krajdenii</em>, <em>P. inflatipes</em>, <em>P. parasiticum</em> and <em>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</em>. All the selected isolates were pathogenic in pathogenicity tests 75 days post inoculation (DPI), being the <em>Phaeoacremonium</em> species the ones that presented higher LNE compared to <em>Pa. chlamydospora</em>, which demonstrates their capacity for colonization of vascular bundles and wood degradation. <strong>Implications:</strong> The pathogens Phaeoacremonium spp, <em>P. krajdenii</em>, <em>P. inflatipes</em>, <em>P. parasiticum</em> and <em>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</em> are related to Petri's disease in the Piura-Peru region. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> <em>Phaeoacremonium</em> species showed higher pathogenicity than <em>Pa. chlamydospora</em> 75 DPI. Also, <em>P. inflatipes</em> was morphologically identified in the Piura region requiring molecular identification for corroboration.</p>

MALDI mass spectrometry-based identification of antifungal molecules from endophytic Bacillus strains with biocontrol potential of Lasiodiplodia theobromae, a grapevine trunk pathogen in Peru

“…Peru has been affected by the increasing propagation of phytopathogens in many vineyards installed for more than a decade. Studies carried out in recent years have detected the presence of GTDs in Piura, northwestern Peru ( Rodríguez-Gálvez et al., 2015 ; Javier-Alva et al., 2023 ). In particular, Lasiodiplodia theobromae (responsible for Botryosphaeria dieback), one of the most commonly reported fungi as trunk pathogen ( Mehl et al., 2017 ), has highly spread throughout all the grapes-producing areas due to high incidence and pathogenicity, not only in grapevine but, also in other economically important crops in Piura ( Rodríguez-Gálvez et al., 2017 , 2021 ).…”