AIUM Practice Parameter for the Performance of Detailed Second‐ and Third‐Trimester Diagnostic Obstetric Ultrasound Examinations

doi:10.1002/jum.15163

Cited by 65 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…The normal fetal and placental insertions of the umbilical cord and its structure should be documented after 12 weeks of gestation. Umbilical cord anomalies are usually seen clearly after 20 weeks using the standard two-dimensional technique in transverse and longitudinal planes; however, the image is improved by color Doppler and three-dimensional imaging techniques [ 109 ]. A more detailed examination includes the description of the fetal and placental insertion sites, the helical pattern of the umbilical arteries, and the characteristics of the Warton’s jelly [ 71 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinically Relevant Prenatal Ultrasound Diagnosis of Umbilical Cord Pathology

et al. 2022

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Umbilical cord abnormalities are not rare, and are often associated with structural or chromosomal abnormalities, fetal intrauterine growth restriction, and poor pregnancy outcomes; the latter can be a result of prematurity, placentation deficiency or, implicitly, an increased index of cesarean delivery due to the presence of fetal distress, higher admission to neonatal intensive care, and increased prenatal mortality rates. Even if the incidence of velamentous insertion, vasa praevia and umbilical knots is low, these pathologies increase the fetal morbidity and mortality prenatally and intrapartum. There is a vast heterogeneity among societies’ guidelines regarding the umbilical cord examination. We consider the mandatory introduction of placental cord insertion examination in the first and second trimester to practice guidelines for fetal ultrasound scans. Moreover, during the mid-trimester scan, we recommend a transvaginal ultrasound and color Doppler assessment of the internal cervical os for low-lying placentas, marginal or velamentous cord insertion, and the evaluation of umbilical cord entanglement between the insertion sites whenever it is incidentally found. Based on the pathological description and the neonatal outcome reported for each entity, we conclude our descriptive review by establishing a new, clinically relevant classification of these umbilical cord anomalies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinically Relevant Prenatal Ultrasound Diagnosis of Umbilical Cord Pathology

et al. 2022

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“…In line with the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine guidelines (41), we recommend a detailed midtrimester anatomic ultrasound for all patients with a pre-pregnancy BMI >30 kg/m 2 . Additional techniques, such as transvaginal US or placing the US probe in the maternal umbilicus, should be employed as ways to mediate the effect of maternal obesity.…”

Section: Fetal Anomalies and Genetic Screeningmentioning

confidence: 93%

Pregnancy Care for Patients With Super Morbid Obesity

Olerich

Soper²,

Delaney³

2022

Front. Pediatr.

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The patient with obesity represents unique challenges to the medical community and, in the setting of pregnancy, additional risks to both mother and fetus. This document will focus on the risks and considerations needed to care for the women with obesity and her fetus during the antepartum, intrapartum, and immediate postpartum stages of pregnancy. Specific attention will be given to pregnancy in the setting of class III and super morbid obesity.

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“…14 Gastroschisis has been associated with teen pregnancies with age maternal less than 20 years and age-independent nulliparity; maternal exposure to cigarette smoke, illicit substances, alcohol, and environmental chemicals; lower maternal body mass index (BMI) and poor nutrition; and lower socioeconomic status. [15][16][17][18][19][20] Urinary and sexually-transmitted infections acquired shortly before or during the first trimester of gestation have also been associated with increased gastroschisis, possibly due to altered immune responses. [21][22][23] In contrast, higher pre-pregnancy BMI may be protective.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastroschisis: Anatomic Defects, Etiopathogenesis, Treatment, and Prognosis

Maheshwari¹,

Rahman²,

Kasniya³

et al. 2022

Newborn

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Gastroschisis is a congenital defect in the abdominal wall that is typically located to the right of the umbilicus. The intestines, and sometimes parts of the liver and the stomach, also protrude into the amniotic space. Unlike in omphaloceles, these visceral organs do not have a covering sac and are directly exposed to the amniotic fluid. The organs show variable degrees of inflammatory changes and scarring. In this review, we have summarized currently available information on the anatomical changes in the intestine directly exposed to the amniotic fluid, the etiopathogenesis, treatment, and prognosis.

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AIUM Practice Parameter for the Performance of Detailed Second‐ and Third‐Trimester Diagnostic Obstetric Ultrasound Examinations

Abstract: IndicationsIndications for a detailed fetal anatomic examination include, but are not limited to, the following conditions:

Cited by 65 publications

References 77 publications

Clinically Relevant Prenatal Ultrasound Diagnosis of Umbilical Cord Pathology

Clinically Relevant Prenatal Ultrasound Diagnosis of Umbilical Cord Pathology

Pregnancy Care for Patients With Super Morbid Obesity

Gastroschisis: Anatomic Defects, Etiopathogenesis, Treatment, and Prognosis

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