Ajudando a fixar os conceitos de genética

Abstract

A Genética é uma ciência que envolve vários conceitos. Essencialmente no ensino médio é importante que alguns desses fundamentos de Genética sejam bem fixados. Para tornar o processo de fixação desses conceitos mais efetivo e dinâmico, é importante utilizar-se de ferramentas que facilitem o aprendizado. Uma das ferramentas é procurar passar o conhecimento por meio de alguma estratégia em que o aluno sinta prazer em realizá-la. Esse tipo de estratégia tem sido proposta em algumas ciências no Brasil, entre elas a Genética (Pavan, O.H.O 2000). [...]

Inheritance of resistance to Fusarium wilt in the carioca grain type common bean

“…Heritability is one of the parameters that helps in the selection procedure used by plant breeders, and indicates the proportion of genotypic variance in the total phenotypic variance (Cruz et al 2012, Ramalho et al 2021. The high broad-sense heritability estimates of 96%, as listed in Table 3, suggest a higher proportion of genetic variation in resistance and lower influence of environmental factors on disease severity.…”

Breeding Peaches for Brown Rot Resistance in Embrapa

“…No maternal significant effect was detected in the inheritance of the characters associated with brown rot resistance. The use of reciprocal crosses is the simplest evidence of testing the maternal effect, since they would produce genetically similar but phenotypically different individuals [23,31], if there was indeed a significant maternal effect. In stone fruits, there are rare cases where a possible maternal effect has been mentioned [40,41] or maternal inheritance [42][43][44] and has never been associated with resistance to pests or diseases.…”

“…Knowledge of the genetic, phenotypic, and environmental parameters that directly or indirectly influence the characters of economic importance in a crop is fundamental for breeding program guidance [23]. Given the limited information on peach brown rot resistance in Brazilian genotypes and with the intention of contributing to the genetic improvement of this crop, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the distribution of brown rot resistance in fruits of different populations; verify the possible existence of maternal effect for this character; estimate the heritability; identify genotypes with higher levels of resistance; estimate the genetic advance for this character in the Embrapa Peach Breeding Program.…”

Genetic control of quality melon traits

“…The average degree of dominance (ADD), obtained from additive and dominance variances, indicates the type of average gene action in the various loci of a polygenic trait. An ADD value that equals zero indicates an absence of dominance (additivity), an ADD value that equals 1 indicates complete dominance, ADD values between 0 and 1 mean incomplete dominance and ADD values greater than 1 indicates overdominance (RAMALHO et al, 2012).…”