The southeast United States is the epicenter of global crayfish biodiversity, but these species are among
some of the most threatened in the world. Life history and biological trait data deficiencies, particularly
of burrowing crayfish species, hampers efforts for accurately assessing imperilment rates and informing
conservation efforts. Rising temperatures are a threat to aquatic ectotherms and it is important to evaluate
crayfish tolerances to determine if they are at or near their upper thermal limits. We conducted dynamic
temperature ramps to evaluate the temperatures at which ecological death (critical thermal maximum;
CTM) and physiological death (upper thermal limit; UTL) occurred for the imperiled and narrowly
endemic primary burrower Cambarus harti and three common, sympatric species C. latimanus, C. striatus,
and Procambarus clarkii. All species differed in CTM with C. latimanus being the most sensitive (35.0°C),
C. striatus (37.0°C) and C. harti (37.8°C) having intermediate tolerance, and P. clarkii being the most
tolerant (39.0°C). The UTL of all species ranged from 39.4 – 39.8°C. We found no evidence that C. harti,
a rare primary burrower, will require more restrictive acute thermal guidelines for protection compared
to more common sympatric secondary burrowers.