Alan L. Nothnagle, <i>Building the East German Myth: Historical Mythology and Youth Propaganda in the German Democratic Republic, 1945–1989.</i> Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1999. $46.50.

Pike, David Wingeate

doi:10.1162/jcws.2002.4.1.118

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Thus, the levels rather than movements are the primitives. As Pike (1945) notes, these levels are considered to be meaningless by themselves – only intonation contours (i.e., combinations of levels) bear meaning. The utterance-length intonation contour is divided into two components: the precontour and the primary contour .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Tonal Onglides in German Nuclear Pitch Accents

Ritter

Grice

2015

Lang Speech

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A perception experiment with native German listeners provided evidence for the relevance of the tonal onglide in nuclear accents--the pitch movement leading towards the target on the accented syllable. Listeners were able to distinguish between two pragmatic meanings of a short phrase (given/non-contrastive and new/contrastive) using the tonal onglide as the sole acoustic cue. On the basis of these findings, we argue that the onglide merits a phonological status in an intonation model of German and should not be regarded as merely phonetic detail.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Tonal Onglides in German Nuclear Pitch Accents

Ritter

Grice

2015

Lang Speech

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“…Attempts to define the acoustic bases of perceived differences in adult speech rhythm have a long and well-documented history (see White & Mattys, 2007, for an overview). An early thesis proposed that perceived differences in rhythm (i.e., between the perceived ‘Morse Code’ rhythm of for example Germanic languages and the perceived ‘machine gun’ rhythm of for example Romance languages) were dependent on these languages adopting (categorically) different timing strategies, with isochronous units coinciding with either syllables (hence the term ‘syllable-timed’) or stress-delimited feet (hence the term ‘stress-timed’) (Pike, 1945; Abercrombie, 1967). Many instrumental studies subsequently sought and failed to find any evidence of isochrony (cf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Child Rhythm

et al. 2011

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Interval-based rhythm metrics were applied to the speech of English, Catalan and Spanish 2, 4 and 6 year-olds, and compared with the (adult-directed) speech of their mothers. Results reveal that child speech does not fall into a well-defined rhythmic class: for all three languages, it is more 'vocalic' (higher %V) than adult speech and has a tendency towards lower variability (when normalized for speech rate) in vocalic interval duration. Consonantal interval variability, however, is higher in child speech, particularly for younger children. Nevertheless, despite the identification of common, cross-linguistic patterns in child speech, the emergence of language-specific rhythmic indices is also clearly observable, even in the speech of 2 year-olds.

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“…Listening to speakers of different languages – whether in a cafe, on the television, or over internet radio – quickly reveals rhythmic characteristics which can distinguish many of the world’s languages. These perceptually salient differences include the three-way distinction between the staccato, rapid rhythm of languages such as Japanese, the regular “machine gun” rhythm of languages such as Italian, and the “Morse code” alternations of strong and weak syllables in languages such as Dutch or German (Pike, 1945 ; Abercrombie, 1967 ). However, regular timing is far more apparent in the ear of the listener than in the acoustic characteristics of speech: the differences among classes of language prove strikingly elusive when we measure the duration of critical elements of the speech signal (Lehiste, 1977 ; Dauer, 1983 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Neural Oscillations Carry Speech Rhythm through to Comprehension

Peelle¹,

Davis²

2012

Front. Psychology

475

451

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A key feature of speech is the quasi-regular rhythmic information contained in its slow amplitude modulations. In this article we review the information conveyed by speech rhythm, and the role of ongoing brain oscillations in listeners’ processing of this content. Our starting point is the fact that speech is inherently temporal, and that rhythmic information conveyed by the amplitude envelope contains important markers for place and manner of articulation, segmental information, and speech rate. Behavioral studies demonstrate that amplitude envelope information is relied upon by listeners and plays a key role in speech intelligibility. Extending behavioral findings, data from neuroimaging – particularly electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) – point to phase locking by ongoing cortical oscillations to low-frequency information (~4–8 Hz) in the speech envelope. This phase modulation effectively encodes a prediction of when important events (such as stressed syllables) are likely to occur, and acts to increase sensitivity to these relevant acoustic cues. We suggest a framework through which such neural entrainment to speech rhythm can explain effects of speech rate on word and segment perception (i.e., that the perception of phonemes and words in connected speech is influenced by preceding speech rate). Neuroanatomically, acoustic amplitude modulations are processed largely bilaterally in auditory cortex, with intelligible speech resulting in differential recruitment of left-hemisphere regions. Notable among these is lateral anterior temporal cortex, which we propose functions in a domain-general fashion to support ongoing memory and integration of meaningful input. Together, the reviewed evidence suggests that low-frequency oscillations in the acoustic speech signal form the foundation of a rhythmic hierarchy supporting spoken language, mirrored by phase-locked oscillations in the human brain.

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Alan L. Nothnagle, Building the East German Myth: Historical Mythology and Youth Propaganda in the German Democratic Republic, 1945–1989. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1999. $46.50.

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

The Role of Tonal Onglides in German Nuclear Pitch Accents

The Role of Tonal Onglides in German Nuclear Pitch Accents

Measuring Child Rhythm

Neural Oscillations Carry Speech Rhythm through to Comprehension

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