1979
DOI: 10.1093/aesa/72.4.532
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Alarm and Defense: a Function for the Pygidial Gland of the Myrmicine Ant, Pheidole biconstricta

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Cited by 24 publications
(19 citation statements)
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“…Dolichodial and iridomyrmecin are produced and stored in the pygidial gland of L. humile (15,16), and this gland occurs in all ant subfamilies except the Formicinae, where it may have been lost secondarily (17,18). Volatile chemicals produced by the pygidial glands of dolichoderine and myrmicine ants are commonly thought to have alarm or defensive functions (19)(20)(21), and the less volatile constituents such as iridodials, dolichodials, and related compounds were assumed to retard the evaporation of the more volatile repellent constituents (18,20) or to act as viscous defensive agents (20)(21)(22). However, to date, the possible functions of the pygidial gland chemicals of L. humile have been largely ignored, because L. humile workers do not display alarm reactions to crushed workers (19,23).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Dolichodial and iridomyrmecin are produced and stored in the pygidial gland of L. humile (15,16), and this gland occurs in all ant subfamilies except the Formicinae, where it may have been lost secondarily (17,18). Volatile chemicals produced by the pygidial glands of dolichoderine and myrmicine ants are commonly thought to have alarm or defensive functions (19)(20)(21), and the less volatile constituents such as iridodials, dolichodials, and related compounds were assumed to retard the evaporation of the more volatile repellent constituents (18,20) or to act as viscous defensive agents (20)(21)(22). However, to date, the possible functions of the pygidial gland chemicals of L. humile have been largely ignored, because L. humile workers do not display alarm reactions to crushed workers (19,23).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To examine the dissipation of dolichodial and iridomyrmecin from the cuticle, live ants or dead ants (n ϭ 30) at different times post mortem (10,20,30,40,50, and 60 min) were briefly (5-10 sec) extracted using 0.3 mL of methylene chloride containing n-dodecane as an internal standard, and the extracts were analyzed by GC. Internally stored pygidial gland secretions of freshly killed (n ϭ 30) and 1-h-old (n ϭ 30) corpses were collected in micropipettes by taking up the droplets of secretion from the pygidium while gently milking the gland reservoir by depressing the preceding tergum (20).…”
Section: Responses To Fractionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…In the Dolichoderinae the substances are used in defence and alarm, whereas in Aneuretus it causes aggressive alarm without having a repellent function (Traniello & Jayasuriya 1981a,b). In the Myrmicinae, the gland is also associated with alarm and defence (Kugler 1979), but it appears to play a role in trail communication in Orectognathus (H611dobler 1981), in sexual attraction in Rhytidoponera metalliea (H6lldobler & Haskins 1977) and in recruitment, including tandem running and trail laying, in Pachyeondyla species (H611dobler & Traniello 1980a,b;Traniello & H611dobler 1984) and Leptogenys diminuta .…”
Section: Pygidial Glandmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Here, the fi rst product determinations are presented for a myrmicine ant. We studied Pheidole biconstricta Mayr, in which secretions of the greatly hypertrophied pygidial gland are well known for their alarm/defensive function (Kugler, 1979).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%