Alarm at the Gate—Health and Social Inequalities are Comorbid Conditions of HIV and COVID-19

Harris, Orlando; Leblanc, Natalie M.; McGee, Kara; Randolph, Schenita D.; Wharton, Mitchell J.; Relf, Michael V.

doi:10.1097/jnc.0000000000000190

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…There is an extensive list of professions that involve constant, broad contact with the surrounding population. Visual, and often tactile, contact with those around them are typical for workers in: healthcare; education; trade; transportation; catering; consumer services (hair salons, massage parlors, spas); and a number of other professions, such as manufacturing, were working remotely or in self-isolation isn't feasible [21,30,39,46]. In Belarus, a survey of SARS-CoV-2 Ab seroprevalence was carried out among representatives of 12 professional groups (Table 6).…”

Section: The Structure Of (Sars-cov-2 Nc) Seroprevalence By Professionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2 among the population of the Republic of Belarus amid the COVID-19 pandemic

Popova

Tarasenko²,

Smolensky

et al. 2021

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

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Objective was to investigate the SARS-CoV-2 collective immunity status of the population of Belarus within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods. The work was carried out according to the methodology for assessing SARS-CoV-2 population immunity, developed by Rospotrebnadzor Russia and the Ministry of Health of Belarus with the participation of the St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, taking into account WHO recommendations. The Bioethics Committee of Belarus and the local ethics committee of the St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute approved the study. Selection of participants was carried out using a questionnaire method and online technology (internet, cloud server). Volunteers were randomized into seven age groups (years of age): 1–17; 18–29; 30–39; 40–49; 50–59; 60–69; and 70+. Regional randomization ensured proportional representation of volunteers from each region, and no more than 30 people were included from one enterprise. In accordance with manufacturer instructions, blood plasma samples were analyzed for: IgG antibodies (Abs) to the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (Nc) using a quantitative ELISA test system; and IgG Abs to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 S (spike) surface glycoprotein using a qualitative ELISA test system. Statistical processing was carried out using Excel 2010 and other software. Statistical differences were designated as significant when p < 0.05, unless otherwise indicated. Results. The level of seroprevalence, in terms of Abs to Nc among the Belarusian population, was 38.4% (95% CI 37.6–45.4). The highest Ab levels were found among individuals in older age groups (50-70+ years old). The lowest were found in children 1–17 years old and in young people 18–39 years old The distribution of seroprevalence across Belarusian regions was relatively homogeneous, with the exception of the Minsk Region, where a statistically significant decrease in the indicator was noted. In terms of profession, the largest share of seropositive individuals was found among transportation workers; the smallest was found in business. The moderate COVID-19 incidence has not led to a dramatic increase in the number of contacts. The base reproduction number (R0) was 1.3. In the Republic of Belarus, there was a moderate level of asymptomatic COVID-19 among seropositive individuals (45.3% [95% CI 44.0–46.7]). This form of infection was observed most often among children aged 1–17 years old (65.0% [95% CI 61.3–68.6]). In parallel with seroprevalence assessment, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was carried out. We used two vaccines: Gam-COVID-Vac (also known as Sputnik V, developed by Gamaleya National Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Russia); and BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm, PRC). Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 was accompanied by an increase in the level of anti-RBD Abs (95% [95% CI 94.7–96.7]). Taking into account the vaccination of a subset of the population with BBIBP-CorV, the overall herd immunity, inferred from the analyzed indicators (presence of anti-Nc or anti-RBD Abs), was 47.1% (95% CI 46.3–48.0). Conclusion. COVID-19 in Belarus was characterized by a moderately pronounced course of the epidemic process. The threshold level of herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2 has not yet been reached, as a result of which the conditions for progression of the epidemic remain.

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Section: The Structure Of (Sars-cov-2 Nc) Seroprevalence By Professionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2 among the population of the Republic of Belarus amid the COVID-19 pandemic

Popova

Tarasenko²,

Smolensky

et al. 2021

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is a public health crisis unparalleled in modern times, posing significant health threats to individuals with underlying chronic conditions [1][2][3]. While the nature of the various underlying conditions that determine severity of SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID- 19) are not fully understood, it is established that conditions that compromise the immune system raise concerns for COVID-19 severity, including HIV infection [4,5]. In the UK, for example, people with HIV are more than twice at risk of COVID-19 death compared to people without HIV [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trust in health information sources and its associations with COVID-19 disruptions to social relationships and health services among people living with HIV

et al. 2021

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Background SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) is potentially severe for individuals with compromised immune systems, including people living with HIV. Along with the direct health threats of COVID-19, there are disruptions to social relationships and health services resulting from mitigation efforts instituted by public health authorities. This study examined the relationship between trust in the government and trust in COVID-19 health information from the US CDC, state health departments, and social media on the experience of COVID-19 social and health services-related disruptions. Methods People living with HIV (N = 459) recruited through social media advertisements and chain referrals completed confidential surveys delivered through an online platform. Results Participants experienced high-levels of disruptions to social relationships and health services attributable to COVID-19 mitigation efforts. We also observed high-rates of inaccurate information and low-levels of trust in government and sources of COVID-19 information. Greater disruptions to social relationships were predicted by more concern about oneself and others contracting COVID-19, whereas disruptions to health services were predicted by greater concern for oneself contracting COVID-19, greater general medical mistrust, and less trust in information from the CDC. Conclusions Findings have implications for the necessity of rebuilding public trust in credible sources of health information and stepping up efforts to counter sources of inaccurate information.

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“…To help leaders navigate decision making in large-scale crises, D’Auria and De Smet describe the “Pause—Assess—Anticipate—Act cycle.”9 As leaders we must continually collect information, pause from crisis management, reflect and look at the situation from multiple angles, try to think ahead and anticipate what may happen next and then make a decision on how to proceed. A key component to this is “updating” where leaders should incorporate new information to revise their ideas and “doubting” where leaders are critical of potential actions before deployment 8. Utilizing this principle, decisions can be made and create confidence within the organization.…”

Section: Lessons Learnedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 It exposed inequalities in those affected. 8 HIV/AIDS was transmitted by asymptomatic individuals, and there were loved ones dying of a strange virus often in isolation. The HIV/AIDS outbreak was politically charged, with fear and ignorance often reigning over reason and science.…”

Section: Nothing Is Newmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crisis Leadership: Lessons Learned From the COVID Pandemic

Glotzbecker

2022

Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics

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The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had unique and profound personal and professional challenges for everyone. However, this is not the first or last health care crisis we will face. There are clear lessons learned from historical examples and the current pandemic that can be utilized to tackle future challenges. In this article a combination of personal experience, interviews with respected leaders, and literature were used to reflect on lessons learned as a leader navigating the COVID-19 pandemic. Key components to leadership through a crisis include communication, flexibility, patience, teamwork, resiliency, and understanding individuals' struggles. What was clear is that the ability of the health care system and the people that drive it to adapt and evolve so rapidly to the COVID-19 pandemic was truly remarkable.

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Alarm at the Gate—Health and Social Inequalities are Comorbid Conditions of HIV and COVID-19

Cited by 15 publications

References 21 publications

Herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2 among the population of the Republic of Belarus amid the COVID-19 pandemic

Herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2 among the population of the Republic of Belarus amid the COVID-19 pandemic

Trust in health information sources and its associations with COVID-19 disruptions to social relationships and health services among people living with HIV

Crisis Leadership: Lessons Learned From the COVID Pandemic

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