Albania on the Move : Links between Internal and International Migration

Vullnetari, Julie

doi:10.5117/9789089643551

Cited by 51 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 112 publications

(145 reference statements)

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“…These data are the foundation for better understanding of relationships and interactions between human and natural phenomena. This study focuses on geomorphologic and demographic changes in wider Vlora area, as it is said that Albania is one of the countries with the highest levels of erosion and migration in Europe (Buchroithner, 2000;Grazhdani and Shumka, 2007;King, 2005;Vullnetari, 2012). This work is ongoing and in continuation of previous research on changes of natural and demographic movements (Kanjir and Gregorič Bon, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Major migrations out of the country started after 1990 with the collapse of the communist regime, when both authorized and unauthorized migration in Albania acquired epic proportions. Massive migration "exoduses" that have importantly influenced the Albanian politics, economy, society as well as landscape, took place at the beginning of 1990's (King, 2005;Vullnetari, 2012). After the year 2000, the number of migrants stabilised whereas the number of remittances and other material goods sent sporadically to home location increased.…”

Section: Population Movements In Albaniamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coastal changes and movements in the wider vlora (Albania) area

Kanjir

Bon

2016

GEOBIA 2016: Solutions and Synergies

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ABSTRACT:This paper explores the environmental change monitoring on the Albanian coastline (Vlora area) by analysing optical remote sensing data. Changes along this coastline are driven by coastal erosion and abusive urban construction of mostly tourist complexes and other man-made processes and pressures (e.g. sandpits, poor wastewater management, etc.). The change detection is based on yearly Landsat data of the period between 1984 and 2015. On the basis of mentioned images, each year's Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Normalized Difference Build-up Index (NDBI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) are extracted. With the use of change vector analysis technique the combination of these indexes were then compared between each other. The quantitative extent of coastal changes was defined using geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA). By obtaining GEOBIA post-classification results we compared both change detection approaches of pairs of one period (2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015). The coastline and coastal change maps produced at 30 m resolution, applying both pixel-and object-based approaches, showed that CVA approach is a preferred technique when analysing Landsat data for coastal change detection. Apart from identifying spatial changes through time, the objective of this study is to show that these landscape changes correspond with the population movements and migrations. This study argues that movements of both people and landscape strongly impact each other and form an intertwining and corresponding relationship.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Population Movements In Albaniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal changes and movements in the wider vlora (Albania) area

Kanjir

Bon

2016

GEOBIA 2016: Solutions and Synergies

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“…The focus has been squarely on remittances, which increased year-on-year from a baseline of $150 million in 1992 reaching their peak at $1.3 billion in 2007. In the early 1990s remittances covered almost the entire trade deficit and constituted as much as 22% of the country's GDP (Vullnetari, 2012). Following Orozco's (2003, p.3) five T's, besides remittances Albanian migrants are contributors also through their large-scale participation in Tourism, especially during the summer months and in particular those who reside in Greece, Italy and the UK; Transportation, as they travel between host and origin countries during visits and holidays; Telecommunication, as family members separated across countries retain links through phone calls and the internet; and less so in terms of nostalgic Trade related to ethnic foodstuff imports.…”

Section: Debates On the Role Of Emigrantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, some migratory flows have taken on a rather regional character, reestablishing transnational ties which had existed before the Cold War. One example is the transnational space created between the area of Korçë, south-east Albania, and that of Greater Thessaloniki, in Northern Greece (Hatziprokopiou, 2006;Vullnetari, 2012).…”

Section: The Current Situationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Albania: €1’ or the Story of ‘Big Policies, Small Outcomes’: How Albania Constructs and Engages Its Diaspora

Vullnetari¹

2013

Emigration Nations

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“…The collapse of the communist regime triggered mass migration, the contours and scale of which have been described in a now-extensive literature (for overviews see Carletto et al 2006;INSTAT 2004a;King, Mai, and Schwandner-Sievers 2005;Vullnetari 2007Vullnetari , 2012.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Washing men's feet’: gender, care and migration in Albania during and after communism

Vullnetari

King

2015

Gender, Place & Culture

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'Washing men's feet': gender, care and migration in Albania during and after communismThis article compares the interrelationships between gender, family structures and intra-family care arrangements during two markedly different periods of Albania's recent history. The first of these, the communist era, was dominated by the autocratic state-socialist regime of Enver Hoxha. In contrast, the post-communist period that followed was characterised by a kind of reactive free-for-all capitalism and high rates of both internal and international migration, the latter mostly to Greece and Italy.Families have been torn apart by this mass emigration, resulting in husbands separated from their wives and children, and older generations left behind by their migrant children. All this contrasts with family, residential and care arrangements during the communist period when not only were families generally living in close proximity, but also state welfare was available to support vulnerable and isolated individuals. Across these periods, however, the burden of care responsibilities fell almost wholly on women, despite the egalitarian ideology of the socialist era and the potentially modernising and empowering effects of post-socialist migration on the agency of women. The article provides a valuable lesson in historicising regimes of gender, family and care across dramatically contrasting social models.Keywords: Albania; socialism; post-socialist Eastern Europe; migration; gender; care Accepted Manuscript (AM) of 'Washing men's feet': Gender, care and migration in Albania during and after communism. Gender, Place and Culture 23(2): 198-215 [DOI: 10.1080/0966369X.2015.1013447][accepted 06 October 2014; first published online . 2 IntroductionThis article takes a diachronic perspective on the evolution of migration, gender relations and intergenerational care within families across two highly contrasting periods of social organisation: state socialism and neoliberal capitalism. The setting for this historical comparison is Albania, which experienced the extreme of both social orders. For nearly 45 years the country was in the grip of the most severe, orthodox-Stalinist and isolationist of the East European communist regimes. During this era, emigration was banned and regarded as an act of treason. Internal mobility was tightly controlled. After the 'democratic turn' of 1990-92, a free-for-all type capitalism was unleashed with dizzying speed. The main characteristic of the 'new Albania' has been mass migration, both abroad, chiefly to Greece and Italy, and internally, focused on the capital Tirana. Across these two contrasting erasthe relatively immobile world of Albanian communism, and the hyper-mobility of the postcommunist period -we focus on three key aspects of how society was (dis)organised: family life, gender, and the administration of intergenerational care.In the next section, we briefly describe the projects from which our empirical data is drawn, as well as the field and analytical methods used. Following that, we ou...

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Albania on the Move : Links between Internal and International Migration

Cited by 51 publications

References 112 publications

Coastal changes and movements in the wider vlora (Albania) area

Coastal changes and movements in the wider vlora (Albania) area

Albania: €1’ or the Story of ‘Big Policies, Small Outcomes’: How Albania Constructs and Engages Its Diaspora

‘Washing men's feet’: gender, care and migration in Albania during and after communism

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