Alcohol and cardiovascular disease: possible protection via effects on aortic stiffness

Beilin, Lawrence J.

doi:10.1097/01.hjh.0000163133.62020.98

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…15 They recognized that these results might be confounded by other lifestyle factors but suggested that if they were causally linked direct effects of alcohol to improve vascular compliance might contribute to any cardioprotective effect. As discussed in an accompanying editorial, 16 the findings are not easy to reconcile with the association of alcohol with isolated systolic hypertension 6 nor with a 9-year longitudinal study showing an association between alcohol consumption and increased aortic stiffness in middle-aged Japanese men who were initially free of aortic stiffness. 17 …”

Section: Effects On Large Vessel Structure and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol and Hypertension

2006

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G iven the social significance of alcohol worldwide it is not surprising that there is continuing strong interest in the relation between alcohol and hypertension. Recent research continues to address unresolved questions concerning the balance between the medical hazards and the cardiovascular benefits of alcohol, the possible significance of different types of beverage, the role of different drinking patterns for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and mechanisms underlying the pressor effects of ethanol. These issues all need to be considered in the context of social aspects of drinking and effects on noncardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Epidemiologic data relating the type or quantity of alcohol consumption to blood pressure or cardiovascular disease needs to be viewed with circumspection from a number of viewpoints. First, heavier drinkers or problems drinkers are far less likely to participate in surveys than others. Second, alcohol consumption past or present is notoriously underreported. Third, drinking patterns are difficult to quantify and often not reported at all. The type, quantity, and pattern of drinking are all highly correlated with socioeconomic and other lifestyle behaviors, 1 many of which may not be measured or not measured accurately enough for adequate adjustments in statistical models. A relation between average weekly alcohol consumption, blood pressure level, and hypertension prevalence has been consistent worldwide and continues to be studied in different populations to evaluate its contribution in relation to other risk factors. However, because of the above issues some caveats should be put on interpretation of data where authors emphatically imply causal relationships from statistical associations.The more recent cross-sectional studies have concentrated on the effects of pattern of drinking and the consumption of alcohol with or without food, beverage type, and the relative effects of alcohol on hypertension subtypes. Pattern of Drinking, Beverage Type, and Effects on Hypertension SubtypesThe relationship between the pattern of alcohol drinking and the risk of hypertension was addressed in a cross-sectional study of 2609 New Yorkers free from other cardiovascular disease 2 and considered further in an accompanying editorial 3 in which some of the key issues surrounding the topic were discussed. Compared with lifetime abstainers, those who reported drinking on a daily basis or apart from food had a significantly higher risk of hypertension, but this effect disappeared after accounting for the amount of alcohol consumed in the previous 30 days. When current drinkers only were studied and adjustment made for the amount of alcohol consumed in the previous 30 days, the risk of being hypertensive increased (64%) only in those who said they drank without food. Preference for any one type of beverage did not influence the association but the important potential confounder of dietary habits was not assessed. Nevertheless this finding was consistent with an earlier study of Italian...

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Section: Effects On Large Vessel Structure and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol and Hypertension

2006

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“…13,[22][23][24] In this study, however, the serum HDL cholesterol level, but not the plasma glucose level, was similarly increased in all Table 1 The results of multivariate linear regression analysis to assess the significance of the effect of blood pressure classification and that of light-to-moderate alcohol intake status on changes in brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity during the 6-years study period Abbreviations: 1st, the initial of study period; baPWV, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity; BMI, body mass index; BP classification, blood pressure classification into two groups (that is., optimal or normal blood pressure and high normal blood pressure or higher); BW, body weight; Cr, serum creatinine; del, changes in variables during the study period; DM, number of patient prescribing drugs for diabetes mellitus; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HBP, number of patient prescribing drugs for hypertension; HDL, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; heart, number of patients prescribing drugs for heart disease; HR, heart rate; kidney, number of patient prescribing drugs for chronic kidney disease; LiMo Alc intake, light-to-moderate alcohol intake; lipid, number of patients prescribing drugs for dyslipidemia; stroke, number of patients prescribing drugs for stroke; TC, serum total cholesterol; TG, serum triglycerides. R 2 ¼0.37.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of blood pressure levels with the effects of alcohol intake on the vasculature in Japanese men

et al. 2009

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The association of blood pressure levels with the effects of alcohol intake on the vasculature has not been clarified. We evaluated the differential effects of alcohol intake on the vasculature of subjects with optimal or normal blood pressure (ONbp) and those with high normal blood pressure or higher (HNHbp) in a 6-year follow-up study. The pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured on three occasions at an interval of 3 years in 1185 middle-aged Japanese men (age 41±8 years). In subjects with ONbp (n¼677), a U-shaped relationship between alcohol intake (non-drinker, and light-to-moderate and heavy alcohol intake groups) and the increase in the adjusted value of PWV was observed at the end of 6 years' observation. On the other hand, in subjects with HNHbp (n¼508), a U-shaped relationship was not observed. At the end of 6 years' observation, the increase in PWV was significantly more in the heavy intake group than in the light-to-moderate intake group or the non-drinker group, even after adjustment for changes in blood pressure and prescribed medication (Po0.01). In conclusion, blood pressure levels may modulate the effects of alcohol intake on the vasculature in middle-aged Japanese subjects. In subjects with ONbp, light-tomoderate alcohol intake appeared to have a possible vasculoprotective effect; on the other hand, in subjects with NHNbp, heavy alcohol intake seemed to exert a detrimental effect on the vasculature.

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“…This pattern has been reflected in cross‐sectional studies of specific population subgroups, such as diabetics and different age groups . Multiple mechanisms underlying this association have been proposed, including alcohol‐induced increases in high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, as well as decreases in platelet adhesiveness to the endothelium . Conversely, the greater stiffness associated with high consumption may be attributed to an alcohol‐related increase in metalloproteinase activity …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…[12][13][14] Multiple mechanisms underlying this association have been proposed, including alcohol-induced increases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, as well as decreases in platelet adhesiveness to the endothelium. 15 Conversely, the greater stiffness associated with high consumption may be attributed to an alcohol-related increase in metalloproteinase activity. 16 Studies examining associations between alcohol and arterial stiffness have predominantly relied on cross-sectional data, yet such designs mask longitudinal variability in consumption levels and hinder comparisons of former drinkers to nondrinkers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Twenty‐Five‐Year Alcohol Consumption Trajectories and Their Association With Arterial Aging: A Prospective Cohort Study

O’Neill

Britton

Brunner

et al. 2017

JAHA

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Background--Emerging evidence suggests that arterial stiffness, an important marker of cardiovascular health, is associated with alcohol consumption. However, the role of longer-term consumption patterns in the progression of arterial stiffness over time remains unclear. A longitudinal cohort design was used to evaluate the association between alcohol consumption over 25 years and subsequent changes in arterial stiffness.

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Alcohol and cardiovascular disease: possible protection via effects on aortic stiffness

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Alcohol and Hypertension

Alcohol and Hypertension

Association of blood pressure levels with the effects of alcohol intake on the vasculature in Japanese men

Twenty‐Five‐Year Alcohol Consumption Trajectories and Their Association With Arterial Aging: A Prospective Cohort Study

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