Alcohol and lactation: A systematic review

Abstract

The aim of the present paper is to critically review the current literature on the effect of alcohol intake during lactation on the hormonal control of lactogenesis; breast milk and infant blood alcohol concentration; and on the breastfeeding infant. The databases PubMed, CINAHL, Proquest Health and Medical Complete, ScienceDirect and ISI Web of Knowledge were searched for articles published between 1990 and 2005. We found limited research investigating the effect of alcohol intake on the infants of lactating women, with most being conducted using animal models. Results consistently show a decrease in lactational performance in both animal and human studies of alcohol intake and breastfeeding. Alcohol intake by lactating mothers in amounts recommended as 'safe' for nonlactating women may have a negative effect on infant development and behaviour. Clear guidelines for alcohol consumption are required for lactating women and health professionals to guide breastfeeding mothers to make educated choices regarding alcohol intake during this critical period of infant development.

Survey of alcohol-related presentations to Australasian emergency departments

“…Alcohol adversely affects lactation, infant behaviour (eg feeding, arousal) and psychomotor development of the breastfed baby (Giglia & Binns 2006).…”

“…Alcohol enters the breast milk and may persist in the milk for several hours • after alcohol consumption (Table 5) (Ho et al 2001;Giglia & Binns 2006). Alcohol adversely affects lactation, infant behaviour (eg feeding, arousal) and psychomotor development of the breastfed baby (Giglia & Binns 2006).…”

“…difficulties inherent with under-reporting of alcohol intake and accurate • documentation of the quantity, timing and frequency of alcohol intake during pregnancy national health and medic al research council | 69 australian guidelines to reduce health risks from drinking alcohol The best evidence to inform the guideline on the effect of alcohol intake on breastfeeding and the breastfed infant comes from a systematic literature review (Giglia & Binns 2006). However, the authors note the limitations of the evidence from human studies and the consequent difficulty in providing definitive advice to breastfeeding women about the effects of alcohol on lactation, infant behaviour and development.…”

The International Society for Developmental Psychobiology 39th Annual Meeting Symposium: Alcohol and Development: Beyond fetal alcohol syndrome

“…In using these practices, transdermal absorption of alcohol and inhalation of alcohol vapors can lead to high infantile blood alcohol concentrations (Choonara, 1994). As will be later discussed in detail, maternal alcohol drinking during breastfeeding is still highly prevalent and implies an alternative mode of early exposure to the drug (e.g., Giglia & Binns, 2006;Mennella, 1999;Pepino & Mennella, 2004). Finally, epidemiological data clearly reflect the high prevalence of alcohol use and abuse in both children and adolescents across most of the world (e.g., Ahlstrom & Osterberg, 2005;Johnston, Malley, & Bachman, 2005).…”

Emzirmeyi Etkileyen Faktörler ve Emzi̇rme Danışmanlığı (Factors Affecting Breastfeeding and Breastfeeding Counselling)

“…Annenin aktif tüberkülozlu olması durumunda, basil pozitif ise anne hemen tedaviye alınmalı, çocuğa da profilaktik olarak [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] (20,21).…”