Alcohol and platelet aggregation: the Caerphilly Prospective Heart Disease Study

Renaud, S.; Beswick, Andrew D; Fehily, A. M.; Sharp, Dan S.; Elwood, Peter Creighton

doi:10.1093/ajcn/55.5.1012

Cited by 248 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…22a Several plausible biological mechanisms have been proposed to explain the inverse association between alcohol and CHD among general populations. In addition to increasing the levels of HDL cholesterol and its subfractions, 10,23 alcohol has also been shown to decrease platelet aggregation 24,25 and increase fibrinolytic activity. 26 These hypothesized mechanisms could be even more important in a diabetic population, in which dyslipidemia and coagulation disorders are more prevalent than they are in a general population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease by Diabetes Status

Ajani

Gaziano²,

Lotufo³

et al. 2000

Circulation

123

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Background-An inverse association between moderate alcohol consumption and coronary heart disease (CHD) has been observed in several epidemiological studies. To assess whether a similar association exists among diabetics, we examined the relation between light to moderate alcohol consumption and CHD in men with and without diabetes mellitus in a prospective cohort study. Methods and Results-A total of 87 938 US physicians (2790 with diagnosed diabetes mellitus) who were invited to participate in the Physicians' Health Study and were free of myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer, or liver disease at baseline were followed for an average of 5.5 years for death with CHD as the underlying cause. During 480 876 person-years of follow-up, 850 deaths caused by CHD were documented: 717 deaths among nondiabetic men and 133 deaths among diabetic men. Among men without diabetes at baseline, the relative risk estimates for those reporting rarely/never, monthly, weekly, and daily alcohol consumption were 1.00 (referent), 1.02, 0.82, and 0.61 (95% CI 0.49 to 0.78; P for trend Ͻ0.0001) after adjustment for age, aspirin use, smoking, physical activity, body mass index, and history of angina, hypertension, and high cholesterol. Among men with diabetes at baseline, the relative risk estimates were 1.00 (referent), 1.11, 0.67, and 0.42 (95% CI 0.23 to 0.77; P for trendϭ0.0019). Conclusions-These results suggest that light to moderate alcohol consumption is associated with similar risk reductions in CHD among diabetic and nondiabetic men. (Circulation. 2000;102:500-505.)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease by Diabetes Status

Ajani

Gaziano²,

Lotufo³

et al. 2000

Circulation

123

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“…In the Caerphilly Prospective Heart Disease Study (23) it appears that the intake of alcohol was inversely associated with the response of platelets to aggregation induced by collagen and ADP. Since, it has been demonstrated that, like aspirin (24), alcohol inhibits the secondary aggregation; it can be postulated that alcohol inhibits the release of TXA2 induced by different agonists (25,26).…”

Section: Aggregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol, Wine and Platelet Function

Ruf¹

2004

Biol. Res.

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Epidemiological studies have demonstrated an inverse correlation between moderate wine and alcohol consumption and morbidity and mortality from coronary heart disease. The protective effect has been associated with an increase in the plasma level of HDL cholesterol, as it is well recognized that plasma HDL is inversely correlated with CHD. In addition, it has become evident that blood platelets contribute to the rate of development of atherosclerosis and CHD through several mechanisms. In recent studies it has been shown that the level of HDL cholesterol can explain only 50 % of the protective effect of alcoholic beverages; the other 50 % may be partly related to a decrease in platelet activity. This anti-platelet activity of wine is explained by ethanol but also by the polyphenolic components with which red wines are richly endowed. Several studies carried out on humans and animals have shown that wine phenolics could exert their effects by reducing prostanoid synthesis from arachidonate. In addition, it has been suggested that wine phenolics could reduce platelet activity mediated by nitric oxide. Moreover, wine phenolics increase vitamin E levels while decreasing the oxidation of platelets submitted to oxidative stress. However, a rebound phenomenon of hyperaggregability is observed after an acute alcohol consumption which is not observed with wine consumption. This protection afforded by wine has been duplicated in animals with grape phenolics added to alcohol. The rebound phenomenon may explain ischemic strokes or sudden deaths known to occur after episodes of drunkenness. It appears that wine, and wine phenolics in particular, could have a more significant inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation and could explain, in part, the hypothesis that red wine is more protective against atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.

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“…A protective vascular effect of moderate alcohol consumption may be mediated by increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (17,18), decreased platelet adhesiveness (19), inhibition of coagulation (20), or enhanced fibrinolysis (21). In a population-based autopsy study, hyalinization of renal arterioles was inversely correlated with alcohol consumption (22).…”

Section: A Protective Effect Of Moderate Alcohol Consumption?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of End-stage Renal Disease Associated with Alcohol Consumption

Perneger

Whelton

Puddey

et al. 1999

American Journal of Epidemiology

115

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Alcohol consumption has been linked to kidney disorders in selected patient groups, but whether it contributes to the burden of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the general population is unknown. The authors conducted a population-based case-control study to assess the relation between alcohol consumption and risk of ESRD. The study took place in Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, and Washington, DC, in 1991. Participants were 716 patients who had started treatment for ESRD and 361 control subjects of similar age (20-64 years) selected by random digit dialing. The main risk factor of interest was self-reported consumption of alcoholic beverages (frequency of drinking days and number of drinks consumed per drinking day). In univariate analysis, consumption of alcohol exhibited a J-shaped association with risk of ESRD. The J shape disappeared after exclusion of persons who had ever consumed home-distilled whiskey ("moonshine") and adjustment for age, race, sex, income, history of hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus, use of acetaminophen, use of opiates, and cigarette smoking; however, the odds ratio for ESRD remained significantly increased (odds ratio = 4.0; 95% confidence interval: 1.2, 13.0) among persons who consumed an average of >2 alcoholic drinks per day. The corresponding population attributable risk was 9 percent. Thus, consumption of more than two alcoholic drinks per day, on average, was associated with an increased risk of kidney failure in the general population. A lower intake of alcohol did not appear to be harmful. Because these results are based on self-reports in a case-control study, they should be seen as preliminary. Am J Epidemiol 1999;150:1275-81. alcohol drinking; ethanol; kidney failure, chronic Prevention of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requires knowledge of modifiable risk factors responsible for initiation and promotion of renal insufficiency (1). Modifiable risk factors for kidney failure that have been identified in population-based studies include high blood pressure (2), diabetes mellitus (3), exposure to occupational nephrotoxins (4), and chronic use of analgesics (5). However, known risk factors explain only a limited part of the overall incidence of ESRD.Alcohol consumption is a plausible risk factor for ESRD. Historically, alcoholism or intemperance was suspected of causing kidney failure by Richard Bright

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Alcohol and platelet aggregation: the Caerphilly Prospective Heart Disease Study

Cited by 248 publications

References 29 publications

Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease by Diabetes Status

Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease by Diabetes Status

Alcohol, Wine and Platelet Function

Risk of End-stage Renal Disease Associated with Alcohol Consumption

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