Alcohol and Relatively Pure Cannabis Use, but Not Schizotypy, are Associated with Cognitive Attenuations

Herzig, Daniela; Nutt, David; Möhr, Christine

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00133

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Studies in humans have reported inconsistent effects of acute THC (or CB1R agonist) administration on working memory, with different studies reporting impairments (Bedi et al, 2013; D’Souza et al, 2004; Englund et al, 2013; Freeman et al, 2015; Hunault et al, 2009; Lane et al, 2005a; Lile et al, 2014; Morrison et al, 2009; Ramesh et al, 2013; Theunissen et al, 2015; Wesnes et al, 2010), improvements (Makela et al, 2006), or no effects (D’Souza et al, 2008; Kollins et al, 2015; Lile et al, 2011; Ranganathan et al, 2012; reviewed in Broyd et al, 2016). Similar to the mixed effects of acute THC on working memory, studies of chronic cannabis use in humans also report either impairments (Fried et al, 2005; Herzig et al, 2014; Wadsworth et al, 2006) or no effects (Becker et al, 2014; Grant et al, 2012). Furthermore, those who abstained after chronic use showed no difference in performance relative to non-users (Fried et al, 2005), suggesting that after prolonged cannabis use, abstinence can rescue working memory impairments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Effects of repeated adolescent exposure to cannabis smoke on cognitive outcomes in adulthood

et al. 2020

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Background: Cannabis (marijuana) is the most widely used illicit drug in the USA, and consumption among adolescents is rising. Some animal studies show that adolescent exposure to delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol or synthetic cannabinoid receptor 1 agonists causes alterations in affect and cognition that can persist into adulthood. It is less clear, however, whether similar alterations result from exposure to cannabis via smoke inhalation, which remains the most frequent route of administration in humans. Aims: To begin to address these questions, a rat model was used to determine how cannabis smoke exposure during adolescence affects behavioral and cognitive outcomes in adulthood. Methods: Adolescent male Long-Evans rats were assigned to clean air, placebo smoke, or cannabis smoke groups. Clean air or smoke exposure sessions were conducted daily during adolescence (from P29–P49 days of age ) for a total of 21 days, and behavioral testing began on P70. Results: Compared to clean air and placebo smoke conditions, cannabis smoke significantly attenuated the normal developmental increase in body weight, but had no effects on several measures of either affect/motivation (open field activity, elevated plus maze, instrumental responding under a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement) or cognition (set shifting, reversal learning, intertemporal choice). Surprisingly, however, in comparison to clean air controls rats exposed to either cannabis or placebo smoke in adolescence exhibited enhanced performance on a delayed response working memory task. Conclusions: These findings are consistent with a growing body of evidence for limited long-term adverse cognitive and affective consequences of adolescent exposure to relatively low levels of cannabinoids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Effects of repeated adolescent exposure to cannabis smoke on cognitive outcomes in adulthood

et al. 2020

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“…Impaired performance may depend on extent of prior exposure, route of administration, dose delivered, and blood cannabinoid concentrations at baseline and after dosing (89). With regard to the chronic effects of cannabis, numerous studies reported null findings in case-control comparisons (46,54,66,81,95,98,110,111), whereas several others found cannabis-related deficits in heavy users (53,78,83,112), including adolescents (113), early-onset but not late-onset adult users (114), and older users (57), and associated with persistent use in a longitudinal study (60). Impaired executive function was evident despite intact performance on other cognitive tasks (48,82) and associated with self-reported problems related to cannabis use (115).…”

Section: Executive Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute and Chronic Effects of Cannabinoids on Human Cognition—A Systematic Review

Broyd

Hell

Beale

et al. 2016

Biological Psychiatry

547

395

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Cannabis use has been associated with impaired cognition during acute intoxication as well as in the unintoxicated state in long-term users. However, the evidence has been mixed and contested, and no systematic reviews of the literature on neuropsychological task-based measures of cognition have been conducted in an attempt to synthesize the findings. We systematically review the empirical research published in the past decade (from January 2004 to February 2015) on acute and chronic effects of cannabis and cannabinoids and on persistence or recovery after abstinence. We summarize the findings into the major categories of the cognitive domains investigated, considering sample characteristics and associations with various cannabis use parameters. Verbal learning and memory and attention are most consistently impaired by acute and chronic exposure to cannabis. Psychomotor function is most affected during acute intoxication, with some evidence for persistence in chronic users and after cessation of use. Impaired verbal memory, attention, and some executive functions may persist after prolonged abstinence, but persistence or recovery across all cognitive domains remains underresearched. Associations between poorer performance and a range of cannabis use parameters, including a younger age of onset, are frequently reported. Little further evidence has emerged for the development of tolerance to the acutely impairing effects of cannabis. Evidence for potential protection from harmful effects by cannabidiol continues to increase but is not definitive. In light of increasing trends toward legalization of cannabis, the knowledge gained from this body of research needs to be incorporated into strategies to minimize harm. Review Acute and Chronic Effects of Cannabinoids on Human Cognition-A Systematic ReviewSamantha J. Broyd, Hendrika H. van Hell, Camilla Beale, Murat Yücel, and Nadia Solowij ABSTRACT Cannabis use has been associated with impaired cognition during acute intoxication as well as in the unintoxicated state in long-term users. However, the evidence has been mixed and contested, and no systematic reviews of the literature on neuropsychological task-based measures of cognition have been conducted in an attempt to synthesize the findings. We systematically review the empirical research published in the past decade (from January 2004 to February 2015) on acute and chronic effects of cannabis and cannabinoids and on persistence or recovery after abstinence. We summarize the findings into the major categories of the cognitive domains investigated, considering sample characteristics and associations with various cannabis use parameters. Verbal learning and memory and attention are most consistently impaired by acute and chronic exposure to cannabis. Psychomotor function is most affected during acute intoxication, with some evidence for persistence in chronic users and after cessation of use. Impaired verbal memory, attention, and some executive functions may persist after prolonged abstinence, but persistenc...

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“…Studies that investigate executive components in chronic cannabis users with different patterns of use in working memory (Herzig, Nutt, & Mohr, 2014; Macher & Earleywine, 2012), cognitive flexibility (Hooper, Woolley, & de Bellis, 2014; Scholes & Martin-Iverson, 2010), and inhibitory control (Crane, Schuster, & Gonzalez, 2013; Dougherty et al, 2013) are still inconclusive.…”

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confidence: 99%

Executive function, decision-making and impulsivity in undergraduates moderated cannabis users.

Porfírio¹,

Nogueira²,

Gomes³

2020

Psychology & Neuroscience

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Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit drug on the planet. Nevertheless, there is still no consensus regarding the effects of cannabis use on cognition, specifically on executive function (EF). However, most cannabis users are moderate users. The objective of this study was to evaluate executive functioning and its components (working memory, cognitive flexibility, and inhibitory control), decision making, and impulsivity, in moderate cannabis users (nondaily) without dependency symptoms. Thirty undergraduate users and 30 nonusers (control) were recruited for the study. The Trail Making Test (Part B), Iowa Gambling Task, Stroop Task, Digit Span Backwards, Barratt Impulsivity Scale, and Severity of Dependence Scale were used. In the results, moderate users presented no deficits in relation to nonusers in EF, decision making, and impulsivity.

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Alcohol and Relatively Pure Cannabis Use, but Not Schizotypy, are Associated with Cognitive Attenuations

Cited by 6 publications

References 108 publications

Effects of repeated adolescent exposure to cannabis smoke on cognitive outcomes in adulthood

Effects of repeated adolescent exposure to cannabis smoke on cognitive outcomes in adulthood

Acute and Chronic Effects of Cannabinoids on Human Cognition—A Systematic Review

Executive function, decision-making and impulsivity in undergraduates moderated cannabis users.

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