Alcohol Biomarkers and their Relevance in Detection of Alcohol Consumption in Clinical Settings

Ghosh, Shayani; Raka, Jain; Jhanjee, Sonali; R, Rao J; Kumar, Mishra Ashwani

doi:10.23937/iasar-2017/1710002

Cited by 19 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…After confirming study eligibility and obtaining the individual-level data for each study, we included only observations within each study for which AUDIT-C was positive (≥3 for women and ≥4 for men), to study PEth sensitivity among those drinking at a level that should be enough for PEth to develop and be detected (Ghosh et al, 2019). We included multiple observations per person, if available.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…for detecting prior month unhealthy drinking, defined as drinking above recommended limits (Bajunirwe et al, 2014;Edelman et al, 2019;Eyawo et al, 2018;Ghosh et al, 2019;Hahn et al, 2018;Magidson et al, 2019;Muyindike et al, 2017;Ulwelling & Smith, 2018;Walther et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2017), and good correlations with total self-reported volume of alcohol consumed ranging from 0.53 to 0.80 (Aradottir et al, 2006;Cherrier et al, 2020;Ferguson et al, 2020;Gerbase et al, 2020;Hahn et al, 2012;Hartmann et al, 2007;Helander et al, 2019b;Kechagias et al, 2015;Piano et al, 2015;Röhricht et al, 2020;Walther et al, 2015), although a few studies found correlations of 0.21 to 0.44 (Littlefield et al, 2017;Papas et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2017). These characteristics make PEth a preferred biomarker of medium-term (several weeks) unhealthy alcohol use (the spectrum from use of risky amounts through alcohol use disorder).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors associated with phosphatidylethanol (PEth) sensitivity for detecting unhealthy alcohol use: An individual patient data meta‐analysis

Hahn

Murnane

Vittinghoff

et al. 2021

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background Objective measurement of alcohol consumption is important for clinical care and research. Adjusting for self‐reported alcohol use, we conducted an individual participant data (IPD) meta‐analysis to examine factors associated with the sensitivity of phosphatidylethanol (PEth), an alcohol metabolite, among persons self‐reporting unhealthy alcohol consumption. Methods We identified 21 eligible studies and obtained 4073 observations from 3085 participants with Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test—Consumption (AUDIT‐C) positive scores (≥3 for women and ≥4 for men) and PEth measurements. We conducted 1‐step IPD meta‐analysis using mixed effects models with random intercepts for study site. We examined the associations between demographic (sex, race/ethnicity, and age) and biologic (body mass index—BMI, hemoglobin, HIV status, liver fibrosis, and venous versus finger‐prick blood collection) variables with PEth sensitivity (PEth≥8 ng/ml), adjusting for the level of self‐reported alcohol use using the AUDIT‐C score. Results One third (31%) of participants were women, 32% were African, 28% African American, 28% White, and 12% other race/ethnicity. PEth sensitivity (i.e., ≥8 ng/ml) was 81.8%. After adjusting for AUDIT‐C, we found no associations of sex, age, race/ethnicity, or method of blood collection with PEth sensitivity. In models that additionally included biologic variables, those with higher hemoglobin and indeterminate and advanced liver fibrosis had significantly higher odds of PEth sensitivity; those with higher BMI and those living with HIV had significantly lower odds of PEth sensitivity. African Americans and Africans had higher odds of PEth sensitivity than whites in models that included biologic variables. Conclusions Among people reporting unhealthy alcohol use, several biological factors (hemoglobin, BMI, liver fibrosis, and HIV status) were associated with PEth sensitivity. Race/ethnicity was associated with PEth sensitivity in some models but age, sex, and method of blood collection were not. Clinicians should be aware of these factors, and researchers should consider adjusting analyses for these characteristics where possible.

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Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with phosphatidylethanol (PEth) sensitivity for detecting unhealthy alcohol use: An individual patient data meta‐analysis

Hahn

Murnane

Vittinghoff

et al. 2021

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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“…This finding is consistent with the situation in other Asia-Pacific region 10 . Elevated blood levels of MCV, GGT and AST/ALT had been identified as the main laboratory characteristics in ALD 11 . These characteristics were also reflected in our study, with levels of MCV, GGT and AST/ALT significantly higher in the ALD group compared to HCV and to HBV groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Alcohol on Clinical Outcomes of Hepatitis Virus-Induced Liver Cirrhosis: A Consecutive Ten-Year Study

Abassa

Xiao

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BACKGROUND & AIM: Coexisting alcoholic liver disease and virus-induced liver cirrhosis (ALD+HBV and ALD+HCV) has not been thoroughly studied. This cross-sectional study aims to showcase the influence of alcohol on the laboratory values and on the clinical outcomes of patients with hepatitis B and C virus-induced liver cirrhosis.METHOD: Patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis (n=22287) from January 2010 to December 2019 were collected from our hospital electronic database, and divided into five groups according to the etiology: ALD (1652 cases, 7.4%), HBV (18079 cases, 81.1%), HCV (682 cases, 3.1%), ALD+HBV (1594 cases, 7.2%) and ALD+HCV (280 cases, 1.3%). Laboratory results and proportion of different liver cirrhosis complications were contrasted between groups.RESULTS: ALD+HBV and ALD+HCV presented with higher proportions of poor prognosis patients and cirrhosis complications compared to HBV and HCV respectively. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that the risk of HCC and that of EGVB in the ALD+HBV group was respectively 2.14-fold and 1.47-fold that in the HBV group (HCC: OR=2.14, 95%CI: [1.71-2.69]; EGVB: OR=1.47, 95%CI: [1.17-1.84]) after adjusting for potential confounders. Furthermore, a decrease in the risk of HCC and EGVB with the duration of alcohol abstinence was observed. Similar pattern was noticed while comparing ALD+HCV group to HCV group.CONCLUSION: Alcohol significantly increased the severity of liver function impairment and the prevalence of liver cirrhosis complications such as HCC and EGVB in hepatitis virus-induced liver cirrhosis patients. Remarkably, long period of alcohol abstinence significantly decreased the prevalence of HCC and EGVB in these populations.

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“…GGT may be elevated anytime an individual consumes alcohol, but the level is much higher in an individual who engages in EAC 15,16,33,34. An aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio of 2:1 is suggestive of liver injury secondary to EAC 15,16,33,34. An increase in carbohydrate-deficient transferrin is a specific marker of EAC and is especially useful when correlated with liver enzyme elevation 15,33,34.…”

Section: Lab Markers Of Eacmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic effects of excessive alcohol consumption

Pullen

Hammond

Harris

2023

Nursing

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Alcohol Biomarkers and their Relevance in Detection of Alcohol Consumption in Clinical Settings

Cited by 19 publications

References 73 publications

Factors associated with phosphatidylethanol (PEth) sensitivity for detecting unhealthy alcohol use: An individual patient data meta‐analysis

Factors associated with phosphatidylethanol (PEth) sensitivity for detecting unhealthy alcohol use: An individual patient data meta‐analysis

Effect of Alcohol on Clinical Outcomes of Hepatitis Virus-Induced Liver Cirrhosis: A Consecutive Ten-Year Study

Systemic effects of excessive alcohol consumption

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