Alcohol Dependence Produced in Mice by Inhalation of Ethanol: Grading the Withdrawal Reaction

Goldstein, Dora B.; Pal, Nishith Kumar

doi:10.1126/science.172.3980.288

Cited by 410 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

146

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, such handling-induced convulsions may not be related to alcohol withdrawal syndrome. It is generally thought that the phenotype of handling-induced convulsions which has been used as an index of acute alcohol withdrawal, 25 represents a general susceptibility to seizures and is unrelated to alcohol dependence. The usefulness of association studies using cases and unrelated controls has been strongly questioned and the values of non-functional single nucleotide polymorphisms debated (see reviews by Kidd 26 and Crowe 27 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between variants at the GABAAβ2, GABAAα6 and GABAAγ2 gene cluster and alcohol dependence in a Scottish population

Loh

Smith

Murray³

et al. 1999

Mol Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

0.013). Significant associations were also found between the alcohol-dependent subjects with Korsakoff's psychosis and the BanI RFLP (P = 0.039) and the AlwNI RFLP (P = 0.003). Haplotype analysis also provided evidence of association when all alcohol-dependent subjects (P = 0.013) and the subjects with Korsakoff's psychosis (P = 0.007) were compared with controls. Our findings provide evidence for a role for the GABA A receptor subunit cluster on chromosome 5q33 in susceptibility to the alcohol dependence syndrome and Korsakoff's psychosis.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between variants at the GABAAβ2, GABAAα6 and GABAAγ2 gene cluster and alcohol dependence in a Scottish population

Loh

Smith

Murray³

et al. 1999

Mol Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Handling-induced convulsions are exhibited by mice that experience withdrawal from alcohol (Goldstein and Pal, 1971). To ensure that alcohol treated mice in Group I and Group II were dependent on alcohol we determined alcohol withdrawal severity by scoring handling-induced convulsions (HIC).…”

Section: Scoring Of Handling-induced Convulsionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementing the liquid alcohol diet with chow enhances alcohol intake in C57 BL/6 mice

Anji

2008

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background-Administration of alcohol-containing liquid diet is associated with body weight loss in rodents.Aim-of this study was to modify the alcohol-containing liquid diet paradigm to reduce the body weight loss in mice during the alcohol treatment period.Methods-Two sets of animals (Chow and No Chow groups) were exposed to chronic alcohol with a step-wise increase of alcohol in the diet. One set of control and alcohol exposed animals (Chow group) received chow during alcohol treatment. Food intake and body weight was measured every 24h. Level of intoxication was determined by measuring blood alcohol levels. Alcohol dependence of mice was determined by handling-induced convulsions (HIC) scoring. Chronic alcohol-mediated effects on brain and liver were examined.Results-Body weight loss was attenuated in chronic alcohol exposed mice in Chow group as compared to No Chow group. Chow group mice consumed higher amounts of alcohol diet resulting in higher blood alcohol levels. Brain NMDAR1 protein levels and liver Cyp2E1 levels were significantly enhanced in chronic alcohol-exposed mice in Chow and No Chow groups suggesting that known medical consequences of alcohol are not interfered with in our modified alcohol treatment paradigm. HIC in Chow and No Chow group mice peaked between 3h and 5h after alcohol withdrawal. However, the severity of alcohol withdrawal was greater in Chow group mice.Conclusions-Supplementing alcohol diet with chow not only attenuated body weight loss associated with alcohol intake in mice but also resulted in higher consumption of alcohol diet and higher blood alcohol levels. KeywordsC57 BL/6 mice; chronic alcohol treatment; handling-induced convulsions; NMDA R1 subunit; Cyp 2E1 enzyme activity

show abstract

“…Cessation of long-term ethanol intake results in a withdrawal syndrome, consisting, in rodents, of tremor, hyperreactivity and convulsions (Goldstein & Pal, 1971). The occurrence of this syndrome is an integral part of ethanol dependence and in man it is one of the causes of continued addiction to alcohol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A calcium channel antagonist stereoselectively decreases ethanol withdrawal hyperexcitability but not that due to bicuculline, in hippocampal slices

Whittington¹,

Little²

1991

British J Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1 Extracellular recordings were made from CA1 area of isolated hippocampal slices of the mouse after chronic ethanol administration in vivo, with orthodromic stimulation of the Schaffer collateral/ commissural fibres. 2 The (+)-isomer of the calcium channel antagonist PN 200-110 (isradipine) significantly decreased all the recorded signs of hyperexcitability in the slices during ethanol withdrawal. These included increased paired pulse potentiation and decreases in the thresholds for elicitation of single and multiple population spikes. 3 The (-)-isomer of PN 200-100 did not affect ethanol withdrawal hyperexcitability in the slices. 4 Neither isomer of PN 200-110 affected the field potentials in slices from control animals. 5 The y-aminobutyric acid (GABA) antagonist, bicuculline, lowered thresholds for eliciting population spikes in hippocampal slices from untreated animals. The active, (+)-isomer of PN 200-110 did not affect this action of bicuculline in hippocampal slices from untreated animals. 6 The stereoisomerism of the action of PN 200-110 on ethanol withdrawal hyperexcitability in the hippocampal slice was therefore the same as that seen in blockade of calcium channels. The results suggested that ethanol withdrawal hyperexcitability recorded in the isolated hippocampal slice involved increased activity of voltage-sensitive calcium channels.

show abstract

Alcohol Dependence Produced in Mice by Inhalation of Ethanol: Grading the Withdrawal Reaction

Abstract: Intoxicating blood levels of ethanol are maintained for several days in mice housed in an atmosphere of ethanol vapor. On removal from the alcohol, all the mice develop withdrawal signs. The signs can be graded to indicate the time course and intensity of the withdrawal reaction.

Cited by 410 publications

References 7 publications

Association between variants at the GABAAβ2, GABAAα6 and GABAAγ2 gene cluster and alcohol dependence in a Scottish population

Association between variants at the GABAAβ2, GABAAα6 and GABAAγ2 gene cluster and alcohol dependence in a Scottish population

Supplementing the liquid alcohol diet with chow enhances alcohol intake in C57 BL/6 mice

A calcium channel antagonist stereoselectively decreases ethanol withdrawal hyperexcitability but not that due to bicuculline, in hippocampal slices

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About