Alcohol, Drug, and Mental Health Specialty Treatment Services and Race/ Ethnicity: A National Study of Children and Families Involved With Child Welfare

Libby, Anne M.; Orton, Heather D.; Barth, Richard P.; Webb, Mary Bruce; Burns, Barbara J.; Wood, Patricia A.; Spicer, Paul

doi:10.2105/ajph.2004.059436

Cited by 33 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…While this may seem counterintuitive, services as captured in these data may be a better proxy for severity than adequate services. Consistent with other research (Libby et al, 2006), relatively few parents had received services compared to studies indicating high prevalence of mental health needs. Those low income parents who did access services may be among those whose presenting behaviors were severe enough to require intervention, but not necessarily quality services.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Understanding service use and victim patterns associated with re-reports of alleged maltreatment perpetrators

Jonson‐Reid

Chung

Way

et al. 2010

Children and Youth Services Review

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Despite the fact that the goal of child welfare is to impact the caregiver’s behavior rather than the child’s, research on recurrence at the alleged perpetrator level is scant compared to research on child level recurrence. No prior studies both controlled for services participation by the caregiver and explored whether a recurrence happens with the same child. This study helps fill the gap by analyzing caregivers who are alleged perpetrators and later recurrence of abuse or neglect. In-home child welfare services were initially associated with lower recidivism but this effect moderates over time. Receipt of AFDC at study start did not impact likelihood of recidivism but receipt of AFDC (or later TANF) after the first report appears to lower the risk of recurrence. Among low income women, a history of mental health or substance abuse treatment was associated with higher recurrence. Among re-reports of alleged perpetrators, nearly 45% had at least one new child on the report. Caucasian and older perpetrators were less likely to have an alleged recurrence involving a new child. Women with mental health (but not substance abuse) treatment histories and those who had child welfare services after the first report were more likely to be re-reported for alleged maltreatment of a new child.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Understanding service use and victim patterns associated with re-reports of alleged maltreatment perpetrators

Jonson‐Reid

Chung

Way

et al. 2010

Children and Youth Services Review

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“…This particular selection approach may account for why the rate of caregiver mental health service use in this study (77%) is so much higher than in previously published reports, which are based on less-restricted samples [e.g. with only a caseworker-identified service need as in Libby et al (2006), or clinical assessments of mental health problems based on caregiver reports as in Burns et al (2010)]. Third, because these NSCAW data were gathered via a cross-sectional survey design, it was not possible to test for a causal relationship between different caseworker referral strategies and caregiver mental health service usage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…For example, Burns and colleagues (2010) tracked 2,959 maternal caregivers with depression whose children remained in the home for three years after families’ initial involvement with the child welfare system and found that only a third of caregivers had received mental health services. Similarly, in examining 3,340 caregivers who were involved with the child welfare system for at least 18 months, Libby et al (2006) found that only 23% of caregivers with behavioral health needs received services.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facilitating mental health service use for caregivers: Referral strategies among child welfare caseworkers

Bunger

Chuang

McBeath

2012

Children and Youth Services Review

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Unmet needs for mental health care are common among caregivers involved in the child welfare system. Although child welfare caseworkers are well positioned to identify service needs and refer caregivers to treatment, little is known about the types of referral strategies used in practice, or their effectiveness for promoting mental health service use. The current study examined child welfare caseworkers’ use of different referral strategies and the extent to which these strategies are associated with caregivers’ receipt of mental health services within a national sample of child welfare cases. Analyses of the second cohort of families from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being suggest that child welfare workers more often use informational strategies for referring caregivers, including suggesting treatment or providing information about treatment options. However, social referral strategies such as providing caregivers with direct assistance in completing applications and making and attending appointments were associated with a greater likelihood of caregivers receiving mental health services. Findings support evidence from other service contexts that service use is facilitated by caseworkers’ direct support for arranging services. Implications for research and for child welfare managers and administrators are discussed.

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“…Finally, integrated services may refer to the fact that meeting the needs of caregivers in the child welfare system will foster positive developmental outcomes in children. A nationally-representative study of families involved with the child welfare system found that approximately a fifth had mental health, drug, or alcohol problems (Libby et al, 2006). Only 29% of those who had mental health or substance use problems were referred for services and only 21% actually received services, with substantially higher rates of service provision to White and Hispanic parents than to African-American or Native American parents (Libby et al, 2006).…”

Section: Offering Integrated Services and One-stop Shoppingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biological Embedding of Child Abuse and Neglect: Implications for Policy and Practice and commentaries

Jaffee

Christian

2014

Social Policy Report

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E ach year within the US alone over 770,000 children are victimized by abuse and neglect (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2010), and this figure is likely to underestimate the extent of the problem. Researchers have long recognized that maltreatment has adverse effects on children's mental health and academic achievement. Studies of adults show that adverse childhood experiences like maltreatment increase risk for chronic diseases of aging, including Type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease. What the field does not fully understand is why maltreatment has such pervasive effects. Studies on the neuroscience of maltreatment have begun to offer some clues. Victims of maltreatment differ from non-victims with respect to brain structure and function, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-(HPA) axis and autonomic nervous system function, immune function, and epigenetic markers. These studies identify potential mechanisms by which maltreatment increases risk for poor mental and physical health and poor school performance by affecting systems that subserve memory, attention, the response to stress, and inflammation. The findings highlight the importance of broadening the scope of child welfare beyond child protection to include child wellbeing. A focus on child well-being would require integrated services, wherein comprehensive mental and physical health care are routinely offered to victims of maltreatment and case workers, pediatricians, and psychologists would work as teams to determine how best to deliver care to children and families in the child welfare system. In working with the family, such efforts could potentially reduce the risk of re-victimization which commonly jeopardizes long-term gains in child well-being. The Biological Embedding of Child Abuse and Neglect:Implications for Policy and Practice From the EditorsThere are many risk factors that negatively impact the brain development of a young child, one of which is child abuse and neglect or child maltreatment. Children who experience maltreatment in the early years are at risk for a variety of poor outcomes, including school failure, problem behaviors, and psychological stress. The emerging field of neuroscience is beginning to provide insight on how maltreatment impacts the development of children's brain and neurological functioning. Uncovering this would facilitate appropriate and effective interventions for children who experience maltreatment and prevent child abuse. Institutes of Health, DHHS. The proceedings encouraged the translation of science leading to innovative approaches to addressing the needs of children who experience maltreatment. In addition to providing comprehensive research linking maltreatment to change in children's neurodevelopmental behavior and functioning, the authors, Jaffee and Christian, call attention to interventions that can prevent child abuse and support children who are maltreated, highlighting the importance of comprehensive and integrated services for these children.From a federal research vantage point, Boy...

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Alcohol, Drug, and Mental Health Specialty Treatment Services and Race/ Ethnicity: A National Study of Children and Families Involved With Child Welfare

Cited by 33 publications

References 13 publications

Understanding service use and victim patterns associated with re-reports of alleged maltreatment perpetrators

Understanding service use and victim patterns associated with re-reports of alleged maltreatment perpetrators

Facilitating mental health service use for caregivers: Referral strategies among child welfare caseworkers

The Biological Embedding of Child Abuse and Neglect: Implications for Policy and Practice and commentaries

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