Alcohol Intake and Reduced Mortality in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury

Cho, Jin Seong; Shin, Sang Do; Lee, Eui Jun; Song, Kyoung Jun; Noh, Hyun; Kim, Yu Jin; Lee, Seung−Chul; Park, Ju Ok; Kim, Sun Joo; Hwang, Seung Sik

doi:10.1111/acer.13065

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In our study, we found that there was significantly higher percentage of males in the alcohol-intake group than in the no-alcohol-intake group, consistent with data from prior studies showing that alcohol-induced injuries are more common in males than in females [ 9 , 11 , 12 , 18 , 19 ]. In the case of slips, our study showed that males were more likely to experience severe injuries than females (OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.72–1.87).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The proportion of patients who visited the clinic from 20:00 to 8:00 on the next day for the examination of blunt-force injuries was 77.7% among the alcohol-intake group, and 62% in the noalcohol-intake group. 11,12 While we did not examine the geographic locations where injuries occurred in our study, we hypothesize that if a patient who has consumed alcohol slips, this slip is likely to occur in a dark place, and patients are more likely to be discovered late in the night-time than at other times. Hundreds of diagnostic ICD-10 codes currently exist, making it difficult to individually identify the distribution of a particular code.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Another study on traumatic brain injury reported that patients who had consumed alcohol were more likely to report in the night (00:00–08:00) (52.1%) than the no-alcohol-intake group (24.8%). The proportion of patients who visited the clinic from 20:00 to 8:00 on the next day for the examination of blunt-force injuries was 77.7% among the alcohol-intake group, and 62% in the noalcohol-intake group [ 11 , 12 ]. While we did not examine the geographic locations where injuries occurred in our study, we hypothesize that if a patient who has consumed alcohol slips, this slip is likely to occur in a dark place, and patients are more likely to be discovered late in the night-time than at other times.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5][6][7] Many studies have examined the effects of alcohol on injury severity and mortality across various groups of injured patients. [8][9][10][11][12] However, none of these studies focused solely on the mechanism of injuries due to slips. We have thought that patients with slip injuries, who are commonly seen in emergency departments (EDs), tend to be less thoroughly examined than those experiencing traffic accidents or accidents involving a fall.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of alcohol intake on the severity of injuries caused by slipping down

et al. 2020

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Objective Alcohol consumption is associated with an increased risk of injuries. However, its effects on injury severity and mortality remain unclear. Specifically, the effects of alcohol intake on the severity of slip injuries have not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the effects of alcohol intake on injury patterns and severity in patients experiencing slip injuries. Methods Emergency department surveillance data collected from 2011 to 2016 were analyzed for this study. Among patients aged 15 and older who were admitted for slip injuries, we compared the type and severity of injuries between the alcohol-intake group and the no-alcohol-intake group. Injury severity was classified as non-severe and severe based on the excess mortality ratio-adjusted injury severity score. Results In total, 227,548 (alcohol-intake, n = 48,581; no-alcohol-intake, n = 178,967) patients were included. After adjusting for age, time of injury, use of public ambulance, and season, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that injuries were more likely to be severe in the alcohol-intake group than in the no-alcohol-intake group (odds ratio, 1.60; 95% confidence interval, 1.47-1.75). In addition, male gender and alcohol consumption had a greater synergistic effect on injury severity than the mere sum of each effect of these factors (odds ratio, 2.65; 95% confidence interval, 2.53-2.78). Conclusion Assessment of the patients influenced by alcohol was a challenge in the emergency department due to altered mental status. We suggest a considerate approach in testing and assessing male patients who slipped after alcohol-intake in the emergency department.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of alcohol intake on the severity of injuries caused by slipping down

et al. 2020

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“…Notably, our COVID cohort was more likely to have CHF and be uninsured, both of which are known risk factors for mortality in trauma [26][27][28][29]. Additionally, COVID patients were less likely to be alcohol positive, though we doubt alcohol contributed to increased mortality as its relationship to mortality in trauma is controversial and some studies have even suggested it improves mortality [30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. Our COVID cohort also had a higher ISS and a higher percentage of patients with hypotension, though this did not reach statistical significance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

COVID-19 in trauma: a propensity-matched analysis of COVID and non-COVID trauma patients

Yeates

Grigorian

Schellenberg

et al. 2021

Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg

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Purpose There is mounting evidence that surgical patients with COVID-19 have higher morbidity and mortality than patients without COVID-19. Infection is prevalent amongst the trauma population, but any effect of COVID-19 on trauma patients is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 on a trauma population, hypothesizing increased mortality and pulmonary complications for COVID-19-positive (COVID) trauma patients compared to propensity-matched COVID-19-negative (non-COVID) patients. Methods A retrospective analysis of trauma patients presenting to 11 Level-I and II trauma centers in California between 1/1/2019–6/30/2019 and 1/1/2020–6/30/2020 was performed. A 1:2 propensity score model was used to match COVID to non-COVID trauma patients using age, blunt/penetrating mechanism, injury severity score, Glasgow Coma Scale score, systolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, and heart rate. Outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 20,448 trauma patients were identified during the study period. 53 COVID trauma patients were matched with 106 non-COVID trauma patients. COVID patients had higher rates of mortality (9.4% vs 1.9%, p = 0.029) and pneumonia (7.5% vs. 0.0%, p = 0.011), as well as a longer mean length of stay (LOS) (7.47 vs 3.28 days, p < 0.001) and intensive care unit LOS (1.40 vs 0.80 days, p = 0.008), compared to non-COVID patients. Conclusion This multicenter retrospective study found increased rates of mortality and pneumonia, as well as a longer LOS, for COVID trauma patients compared to a propensity-matched cohort of non-COVID patients. Further studies are warranted to validate these findings and to elucidate the underlying pathways responsible for higher mortality in COVID trauma patients.

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The combined effects of alcohol and marijuana use prior to traumatic brain injury on mortality

Leskovan

Patel

Pederson

et al. 2020

Annals of Medicine and Surgery

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Background Alcohol (ETOH) intoxication is a common comorbidity in traumatic brain injury (TBI), and marijuana (THC) has been implicated as a major risk factor for trauma. The objective this study was to investigate the combined effects of ETOH and THC on mortality after TBI. Materials and methods A retrospective review of patient data was performed to assess adult (>18 years) patients with brain injuries between January 2012 and December 2018. Included patients sustained TBI (Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS 1-6)) and were divided into two groups: No Substances and THC + ETOH. Results 1085 (median age 52 years [range: 18–97 years]; 33.5% female (364/1085)) patients met the inclusion criteria. Significant differences for mortality at discharge were found between groups (p = 0.0025) with higher mortality in the No Substances group. On multiple logistic regression, a positive test for both ETOH + THC was found not to independently predict mortality at discharge, while age, Glasgow Coma Scale, intensive care unit stay, Injury Severity Score, length of hospital stay, and days on ventilator were independent predictors. Conclusions After controlling for confounding variables, positive ETOH + THC screens were not found to be independent predictors of mortality at discharge. Therefore, our results indicated no survival benefit for TBI patients with concomitant ETOH and THC use prior to injury.

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Alcohol Intake and Reduced Mortality in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract: Mortality rate due to TBI in the alcohol-intake group appears to be lower compared to that in the no-alcohol-intake group after adjusting for main confounding variables.

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of alcohol intake on the severity of injuries caused by slipping down

Effect of alcohol intake on the severity of injuries caused by slipping down

COVID-19 in trauma: a propensity-matched analysis of COVID and non-COVID trauma patients

The combined effects of alcohol and marijuana use prior to traumatic brain injury on mortality

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