Alcohol intoxication in non‐motorised road trauma

Mitra, Biswadev; Charters, Kate E.; Spencer, John; Fitzgerald, Mark; Cameron, Peter

doi:10.1111/1742-6723.12682

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…7,29 Nonetheless, given the substantial increases in the number of cycling-related major trauma cases, preventive strategies such as separate cycling lanes, lower speed limits, alcohol limits, and improved cyclist visibility are still warranted. 7,24,27 Also, while helmet use was mandatory in Victoria during the entire study period, enforcement of helmet use is encouraged. 30 Across all sports, the highest rate of major trauma and the highest annual rate of growth were in motor sports.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten-Year Incidence of Sport and Recreation Injuries Resulting in Major Trauma or Death in Victoria, Australia, 2005-2015

Ekegren

Beck

Simpson

et al. 2018

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

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Background:Sports injuries that result in major trauma or death are associated with significant health care burden and societal costs. An understanding of changes in injury trends, and their drivers, is needed to implement policy aimed at risk reduction and injury prevention. To date, population-level reporting has not been available regarding trends in serious sport and recreation injuries anywhere in Australia over such an extended period, nor have any studies of this length captured comprehensive, long-term data on all sports-related major trauma internationally.Purpose:To describe the incidence of sport and active recreation injuries resulting in major trauma or death over a 10-year period (July 2005 to June 2015) in the state of Victoria, Australia.Study Design:Descriptive epidemiological study.Methods:All sport and active recreation–related major trauma cases and deaths in Victoria, Australia, over a 10-year period were extracted from the population-level Victorian State Trauma Registry and the National Coroners Information System. Poisson regression analysis was used to examine trends in the incidence of sport and active recreation–related major trauma and death.Results:The 10-year study period entailed 2847 nonfatal major trauma cases and 614 deaths (including 96 in-hospital deaths). The highest frequencies of major trauma cases and deaths were in cycling, motor sports, and equestrian activities. The participation-adjusted major trauma and death rate was 12.2 per 100,000 participants per year over the study period. An 8% increase was noted in the rate of nonfatal major trauma (incident rate ratio [IRR], 1.08; 95% CI, 1.06-1.10; P < .001) and a 7% decrease in the death rate (IRR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.90-0.97; P < .001). Significant increases were found in the rates of major trauma (including deaths) in equestrian activities, motor sports, and cycling.Conclusion:The death rate from sport and active recreation decreased by more than half over the course of 10 years in Victoria, while the rate of nonfatal major trauma almost doubled. This increase is largely attributable to equestrian activities, motor sports, and cycling. Study findings highlight the need to prioritize investments in the prevention of trauma in these activities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten-Year Incidence of Sport and Recreation Injuries Resulting in Major Trauma or Death in Victoria, Australia, 2005-2015

Ekegren

Beck

Simpson

et al. 2018

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

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“…One study reports that intoxicated road traffic crash victims were twice as likely to die than sober ones (4.6% versus 2.3%) [10] , while another study indicated significantly better survival rates (adjusted odds ratio 0.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.16-0.94) in crash victims with a high blood alcohol level [11] . Other studies found no increase in in-hospital mortality for intoxicated victims 8. , 12.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Temporal changes in trauma according to alcohol sale restrictions during the South African national COVID-19 lockdown

Hoving

Koningsbruggen²,

Man³

et al. 2021

African Journal of Emergency Medicine

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Introduction The South African government enforced various alcohol sale restrictions during the COVID-19 lockdown in order to reduce hospital admissions related to alcohol-associated injuries. A cross-sectional study was performed to describe the temporal changes in trauma according to alcohol sale restrictions during the South African national COVID-19 lockdown. Methods Data from all trauma-related patients presenting to the emergency centre of Mitchells Plain Hospital from 01/03/2020 till 29/9/2020 and corresponding periods during 2019 were exported from an existing database. The relationship between variables was determined with the χ 2 -test, Fisher's exact test, independent samples median test or t -test. A sub-analysis compared similar 2020 lockdown levels when a second alcohol ban were instituted while most business were allowed to operate (level 3b – alcohol banned versus level 3 – alcohol restricted). Results Total number of trauma presentations were 539 (14.6%) less in 2020 (n = 3160) than in 2019 (n = 3699); the mean number decreased by 2.5 per day (95% CI −2.9 to −2.1). Lockdown levels with an alcohol ban had on average 4.8 less patients per day than corresponding periods in 2019 (p < 0.001). No significant difference was observed in lockdown levels with alcohol sale restrictions (mean difference per day −0.4, p = 0.195). Trauma presentations increased significantly (mean difference per day 7.0 (95% CI 6.5 to 7.5)) from 2020 lockdown levels with alcohol sales ban (mean per day 11.4) to 2020 lockdown levels with alcohol sale restrictions (mean per day 18.4). Significantly less patients (mean −3.2 (95% CI −3.9 to −2.5)) presented during 2020 lockdown level 3b (alcohol sales banned, mean 13.9) compared to level 3 (alcohol sales restricted, mean 17.1). Conclusion Temporal changes in trauma were observed according to alcohol sale restrictions during South Africa's COVID-19 lockdown periods. Significantly less trauma cases presented during periods with an alcohol ban compared to periods where alcohol sales were only restricted.

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“…A study in Tayside, Scotland, found that intoxicated pedestrians constituted one third of road traffic deaths related to alcohol (Foster et al, 1988). At a hospital trauma centre in Melbourne, Australia, from 2009-2014, 24.7% of pedestrians injured in road traffic crashes were intoxicated (Mitra et al, 2017).…”

Section: Traffic Injuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic Cannabinoid Signaling in the Regulation of Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease

Lees

Debenham

Squeglia

2021

ARCR

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Alcohol intoxication in non‐motorised road trauma

Cited by 22 publications

References 14 publications

Ten-Year Incidence of Sport and Recreation Injuries Resulting in Major Trauma or Death in Victoria, Australia, 2005-2015

Ten-Year Incidence of Sport and Recreation Injuries Resulting in Major Trauma or Death in Victoria, Australia, 2005-2015

Temporal changes in trauma according to alcohol sale restrictions during the South African national COVID-19 lockdown

Hepatic Cannabinoid Signaling in the Regulation of Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease

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