Alcohol-Related Emergency Department Visits Associated With Collegiate Football Games

Shook, Janice; Hiestand, Brian

doi:10.1080/07448481.2010.511364

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Department of Health and Human Services, 2012). Tailgating (TG) and pregaming (PG) are prevalent in college and associated with increased levels of alcohol use and associated harms (e.g., Borsari et al, 2007a; Shook & Hiestand, 2011; Zamboanga, Schwartz, Ham, Borsari, & Van Tyne, 2010). There are both similarities and differences between TG and PG (e.g., drinking before another event with different contexts), making the two culturally accepted activities difficult to differentiate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailgating and Pregaming by College Students with Alcohol Offenses: Patterns of Alcohol Use and Beliefs

Hustad¹,

Mastroleo²,

Urwin³

et al. 2014

Substance Use & Misuse

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Research indicates that pregaming (drinking before a social event) and tailgating (drinking before a sporting event) are two culturally ingrained alcohol use behaviors by college students. We examined the prevalence of these two activities in a sample of college students (N = 354) who violated campus alcohol policy and were mandated to receive an alcohol intervention in fall 2010. Results indicated that alcohol consumption and other risk factors were related to pregaming and tailgating. These findings are discussed in the context of clinical implications and future directions for research. This study was funded in part by the National Institutes of Health.

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confidence: 99%

Tailgating and Pregaming by College Students with Alcohol Offenses: Patterns of Alcohol Use and Beliefs

Hustad¹,

Mastroleo²,

Urwin³

et al. 2014

Substance Use & Misuse

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“…This is consistent with prior data showing that men between the ages of 21–29 years are most likely to be intoxicated at college football games. 8 , 10 While the demographics of all those attending sporting events should be included for public awareness campaigns on responsible alcohol consumption, special care should be taken by universities in conjunction with public health experts to target this particular demographic. Given the recent increase in alcohol-related ED visits among college students in general, it is important that steps are taken to reduce the morbidity associated with high-risk alcohol consumption at mass-gathering events; and young males contribute significantly to that morbidity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 7 A study conducted at Ohio State University found that stricter community and university alcohol policies were associated with increased alcohol-related ED visits. 8 Studies at the University of Iowa a few years later, however, showed that stricter alcohol policies were associated with decreased incidence of blood ethanol levels in severe intoxication range, as well as a non-significant decrease in the number of alcohol-related ED visits. 9 , 10 Researchers at a large Midwestern university found a linear increase in alcohol-related incidents in the three years after the implementation of stadium alcohol sales.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Alcohol Sales in A College Football Stadium on Healthcare Utilization

Ruehlmann

Halbur

Moylan

et al. 2023

WestJEM

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Introduction: In 2021, a large Midwestern university began selling alcohol to spectators within the football stadium for the first time. The stadium routinely hosts >65,000 spectators, and drinking alcohol is highly prevalent at pregame tailgating events. Our goal in this study was to determine the impact of in-stadium alcohol sales on the incidence of alcohol-related emergency department (ED) visits and local emergency medical services (EMS) calls. We hypothesized that the availability of alcohol throughout the stadium would lead to an increase in alcohol-related patient presentations. Methods: This was a retrospective study including patients who used local EMS and presented to the ED on football Saturdays in the 2019 and 2021 seasons. There were 11 Saturday games with seven home games each year. The 2020 season was excluded due to the impact of COVID-19- related restrictions on attendance. Trained extractors using predefined criteria reviewed records for each patient to determine whether the visit was alcohol related. Using logistic regression analysis we examined the odds of an EMS call and ED visit being alcohol-related before and after the start of stadium alcohol sales. We compared characteristics of visits before and after the onset of stadium alcohol sales using Student’s t-test for continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables. Results: In 2021, after the onset of in-stadium alcohol sales, there were a total of 505 emergency calls to local EMS on football Saturdays (home and away), and 29% of them were for alcohol-related incidents down from 36% of 456 calls in 2019. After adjustment for covariates, the odds of a call being alcohol-related were lower in 2021 than 2019, but this difference was not significant (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.83, 95% CI 0.48-1.42). Looking specifically at the seven home games each season, the difference was more pronounced (31% of calls in 2021 compared to 40% in 2019) but not statistically significant after adjustment for covariates (aOR 0.54, 95% CI 0.15-2.03). In the ED, 1,414 patients were evaluated on game days in 2021 and 8% of them for alcohol-related reasons. This is similar to 2019, when 9% of the 1,538 patients presented due to alcohol-related complaints. After adjustment for covariates, the odds of an ED visit being alcohol-related were similar in 2021 and 2019 (aOR 0.98, 95% CI 0.70-1.38). Conclusion: There was a decrease in alcohol-related EMS calls on home game days in 2021, although the result was not statistically significant. In-stadium alcohol sales had no significant impact on the frequency or proportion of alcohol-related ED visits. The reason for this outcome is unclear, but it is possible that fans drank less at tailgate parties knowing they could consume more once the game started. Long lines and a two-beverage limit at stadium concessions may have kept patrons from consuming excessively. The results of this study may inform similar institutions regarding the safe implementation of alcohol sales during mass-gathering events.

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“…Additionally, if tests of such assumptions are verified-or disproved-by data, decisions related to staffing and hours of operation around such external events may be made with more confidence. Studies of the effects of external circumstances and large-scale events and circumstances (Friday the 13 th , hurricanes, sporting events) on use of emergency room services and outcomes serve as examples of how such tests can lead to better decisions about service delivery and staffing (Drobatz et al, 2009;Jena et al, 2017;Jerrard, 2009;Lo et al, 2012;McGreevy et al, 2010;Protty et al, 2016;Schuld et al, 2011;Shook & Hiestand, 2011;Smith & Graffeo, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of the Effect of Saturday Home Football Games on Physical Use of University Libraries

Sewell¹

2021

EBLIP

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Objective – Library science literature lacks studies on the effect of external events on the physical use of libraries, leaving a gap in understanding of would-be library patrons’ time use choices when faced with the option of using the library or attending time-bound, external events. Within academic libraries in about 900 colleges and universities in the US, weekend time use may be affected by football games. This study sought to elucidate the effect of external events on physical use of libraries by examining the effect of Saturday home football games on the physical use of the libraries in a large, academic institution. Methods – This study used a retrospective, observational study design. Gate count data for all Saturdays during the fall semesters of 2013-2018 were collected for the two primary libraries at East Carolina University (main campus’ Academic Library Services [ALS] and Laupus, a health sciences campus library), along with data on the occurrence of home football games. The relationship between gate counts and the occurrence of home football games was assessed using an independent samples t-test. Results – Saturday home football games decreased the gate count at both ALS and Laupus. For ALS, the mean physical use of the library decreased by one third (34.4%) on Saturdays with a home game. For Laupus, physical use of the library decreased by almost a quarter (22%) on Saturdays with a home game. Conclusion – Saturday home football games alter the physical use of academic libraries, decreasing the number of patrons entering the doors. Libraries may be able to adjust staffing based on reduced use of library facilities during these events.

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Alcohol-Related Emergency Department Visits Associated With Collegiate Football Games

Abstract: Community measures did not reduce alcohol-related visits to the ED.

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Tailgating and Pregaming by College Students with Alcohol Offenses: Patterns of Alcohol Use and Beliefs

Tailgating and Pregaming by College Students with Alcohol Offenses: Patterns of Alcohol Use and Beliefs

The Impact of Alcohol Sales in A College Football Stadium on Healthcare Utilization

An Analysis of the Effect of Saturday Home Football Games on Physical Use of University Libraries

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