Alcohol, sex and risks of HIV infection

Robertson, James A.; Plant, Martin

doi:10.1016/0376-8716(88)90039-7

Cited by 118 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Binge drinking with resultant inebriation has been associated with unprotected sexual contacts, unplanned pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases, such as HIV. 18,19 Links between crime (especially violent crime) and heavy drinking 20,21 have been found, with drink related crime being highest among young males who have been binge drinking at weekends. It would be hard to deny the enjoyment associated with drinking alcohol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey of alcohol and drug use among UK based dental undergraduates

Underwood¹,

Fox²

2000

Br Dent J

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cause for concern in the profession. This concern is now being felt at the undergraduate level, with the new GDC guidelines stating:Behaviour Prior to this study, no significant information existed on the prevalence of alcohol and drug use among UK dental undergraduates. This information is needed before the current concerns can be addressed, and will provide a basis for future research and education. MethodA survey was conducted at one UK dental school of all undergraduates studying in years 1 to 5 (n=264). A self-report questionnaire was distributed, by the organiser, to 2nd, 3rd and 4th year students before scheduled lectures. Absentees, 1st and 5th year students were contacted via internal mail.The questionnaire consisted of 4 sides of A4 text on a folded A3 sheet, the cover page acting as a participant information sheet.Questions were asked in closed ended format in standard English making them easily answered, scored and coded (for analysis by computer). The length of the questionnaire was kept as short as feasible allowing completion in less than 5 minutes. Participants were provided with a free pen to act as an incentive and increase anonymity. Return of completed questionnaires was via a self-seal envelope labelled with the organiser's name. In addition the label gave the location of a sealed respondents' box.The questionnaire was administered over a 2 week period from the 25th May 1998 to the 5th June 1998, avoiding Dental Student Society social events or examination periods, which may not have represented an average week. Prior to distribution, the questionnaire was piloted on 25 medical students, 5 from each year. This highlighted only minor problems that were then corrected before full-scale administration.Anonymity of participants was essential and, therefore, no name or ethnic group was requested, also no individual questionnaire or year group responses were reported. It was stressed that completion of the questionnaire was voluntary, with no obligation to respond. Confidentiality was strictly maintained with all completed questionnaires being seen exclusively by the survey organiser.The response rate was high, with 200 undergraduates completing the questionnaire, one respondent who omitted their gender and year was not included in the study. Ethical approvalEthical approval was granted by the local research ethics committee. RESEARCH law and ethicsA survey of alcohol and drug use among UK based dental undergraduates B. Underwood 1 and K. Fox Objective This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of alcohol and drug use. Design Anonymous self-report questionnaire Setting A UK dental school in May 1998 Subjects and methods 1st-5th year dental undergraduates (n=264) were questioned on their use of alcohol and tobacco, cannabis and other illicit drugs whilst at dental school, and before entry. Results Eighty two per cent of male and 90% of female undergraduates reported drinking alcohol. Of those drinking, 63% of males and 42% of females drank in excess of sensible weekly limits (14 units fo...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey of alcohol and drug use among UK based dental undergraduates

Underwood¹,

Fox²

2000

Br Dent J

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“…Drug use is a determinant of high-risk behavior and infection, [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] and substantial proportions of the US prison population report a history of heavy drug and alcohol use. 48 The effect of incarceration on STI/HIV risk may differ by drug use status.…”

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confidence: 99%

Incarceration and High-Risk Sex Partnerships among Men in the United States

et al. 2009

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“…Most of the studies reviewed were conducted in the United States. Exceptions are the studies by Darke et al (1990), Darke, Baker et al (1992), Darke, Hall et al (1992), , Kraft & Rise, 1991, Kraft, Rise, & Traeen, 1990 --Norway; Bagnall et al (1990), Plant et al (1990), Robertson & Plant (1988), Thomas et al (1990) --Scotland.…”

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confidence: 99%

Substance use and risky sexual behavior for exposure to HIV: Issues in methodology, interpretation, and prevention.

Leigh¹,

Stall²

1993

American Psychologist

601

432

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Recent reports have suggested that the use of alcohol or drugs is related to sexual behavior that is high-risk for HIV infection. If substance use leads to unsafe sexual activity, understanding the dynamics of this relationship can contribute to research, preventive and education efforts to contain the spread of AIDS. In this paper, we review research on the relationship between substance use and high-risk sexual behavior. We then consider the inherent limitations of the research designs used to study this relationship, outline some methodological concerns including measurement and sampling issues, and comment on causal interpretations of correlational research findings. We end with a consideration of potential avenues for avenues for future research and a discussion of implications of these findings for current AIDS prevention policies.As the United States enters the second decade of the AIDS epidemic, it has become evident that the primary defense against the spread of this disease is prevention of the behaviors that result in HIV transmission. Recent behavioral research has focused on identification of potentially modifiable variables that may contribute to risk-taking behaviors. One factor that has been proposed as a contributor to sexual risk-taking is the use of alcohol or other drugs with sex (see Leigh, 1990a;Stall, 1988). Because alcohol and drugs are thought to interfere with judgment and decision-making, it has been suggested that their use in conjunction with sexual activity might increase the probability that risky behaviors will occur (e.g., Howard et al., 1988; USDHHS, 1991). In the last few years, a number of reports have appeared suggesting a link between alcohol or drug use and sexual behavior, such as unprotected intercourse, that is known to place an individual at higher risk for HIV infection.In this paper we examine the evidence for and against the hypothesis that a causal relationship exists between alcohol and/or drug use and high-risk sexual behavior for HIV transmission. First, we review research that examines the link between substance use and high-risk behavior, while discussing the limitations of the research designs used to investigate this link. We then consider additional methodological concerns, including measurement and sampling issues, that affect interpretation of research findings. We end with a discussion of implications of these findings for AIDS prevention policies.

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Alcohol, sex and risks of HIV infection

Cited by 118 publications

References 10 publications

A survey of alcohol and drug use among UK based dental undergraduates

A survey of alcohol and drug use among UK based dental undergraduates

Incarceration and High-Risk Sex Partnerships among Men in the United States

Substance use and risky sexual behavior for exposure to HIV: Issues in methodology, interpretation, and prevention.

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