Alcoholism, Hepatitis B and C Viral Infections, and Impaired Liver Function among Taiwanese Aboriginal Groups

Shen, Chen‐Yang; Lee, Hsuan-Shu; Huang, Lu-Chin; Tsai, Keh–Sung; Chen, Ding‐Shinn; Cheng, Andrew Tai Ann

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008837

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, the mechanism of alcohol-related liver damage is not clear. This may be co-morbid with viral infection (Chen et al, 1991;Shen et al, 1996), nutritional deficiencies (French, 1993;Lieber, 2001), or related to formation of free radicals (Bautista & Spitzer, 1992). Moreover, acetaldehyde, the major metabolite of alcohol, is thought to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of alcohol liver disease (Eriksson, 2001).…”

Section: Organ Damage and Alcohol-metabolizing Enzyme Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol abuse and related factors in Asia

Chen

Yin

2008

International Review of Psychiatry

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Alcohol problems are a global issue, and the nature of alcohol abuse is very complicated. The susceptibility to alcohol abuse varies greatly from one individual to another and also from one nation to another, depending on the availability of alcohol, a country's regulation related to alcohol, a country's cultural background, religious tradition and its economics. Alcohol dependence is also a complicated disease process. The prevalence of alcohol dependence also varies greatly from one ethnic group to another. Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent. The natural disasters, religious conflicts as well as political disputes cause people lack of opportunity in many countries. People in this region do not consume more alcohol than the people in the rest of the world. The prevalence of alcohol dependence is not as high as is seen in other regions. In Asia, not only socio-economic factors, but also biological factors influence drinking behaviour. Findings of functional genetic polymorphism of the major alcohol metabolizing enzymes, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) have led to the suggestion that this enzyme system may possibly play a diverse but critical role in alcohol dependence and in the alcohol-related disease process in the different ethnic groups. This paper reviews alcohol problems and related factors. Their management and prevention strategy are discussed.

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Section: Organ Damage and Alcohol-metabolizing Enzyme Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol abuse and related factors in Asia

Chen

Yin

2008

International Review of Psychiatry

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“…However, the mechanism of alcohol-related liver damage is not clear and may be associated with viral infection (Chen et al, 1991;Shen et al, 1996), nutritional deficiencies (French, 1993;Gloria et al, 1997;Lieber, 2001), or formation of free radicals (Bautista et al, 1992). Acetaldehyde, the major metabolite of alcohol, was thought to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of alcohol liver disease (Eriksson, 2001).…”

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confidence: 99%

Oxidative Status in Patients with Alcohol Dependence: A Clinical Study in Taiwan

Peng

Tang

Huang

et al. 2005

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between alcohol dependence and oxidative status. The biochemical parameters and antioxidants status were measured among 28 patients with alcohol dependence. Nineteen healthy persons without drinking problem were recruited as the control subjects. The activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT), and levels of cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and uric acid were significantly increased in the specimen of patients compared with control. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of the patients were found to be significantly increased compared with controls and decreased after abstinence. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities were, respectively, 86% and 37% lower in alcoholic patients. After 14 d of abstinence, SOD activity was significantly reduced by 85%, CAT by 52%, and GPX by 54%, whereas no change was found in activity of glutathione reductase (GR). The duration of alcohol dependence is significantly correlated with the levels of MDA. In addition, the activity of CAT was significantly correlated with MDA levels. The results of this study suggest that oxidative stress occurred during alcohol dependence and subsequently affected the antioxidants mechanisms.

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“…The mean ALT level in Han Chinese and aboriginal HBV carriers was similar. However, the higher mean serum level of AST and frequency of alcohol consumption in aborigines compared with Han Chinese implied that alcoholic liver disease might contribute to the higher standardized mortality rate of chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis in aboriginal HBV carriers [Shen et al, 1996]. In other words, due to their higher standardized mortality rate of chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis, aboriginal HBV carriers might not live long enough to develop HCC, which would reduce their standardized mortality rate of HCC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aboriginal Taiwanese hepatitis B carriers have more favorable viral factors than Han Chinese carriers

Nien

Sheu

Kao

et al. 2011

Journal of Medical Virology

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Several viral factors are associated with disease progression in hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers. Compared with Taiwanese Han Chinese, Taiwanese aborigines have a higher prevalence of chronic HBV infection and a higher standardized mortality rate of chronic liver diseases but a lower standardized mortality rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to investigate whether aboriginal Taiwanese HBV carriers have more favorable viral factors which reduce the risk for HCC than Han Chinese carriers. Blood samples from 3,488 HBV carriers (1,527 aborigines and 1,961 Han Chinese) were assayed for aminotransferases, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), HBV DNA, and HBV genotype. Aboriginal HBV carriers had a lower HBeAg-positive rate (5.3% vs. 10.2%, P < 0.0001) and a lower viral load of HBV DNA > 2,000 IU/ml (27.4% vs. 36.7%, P < 0.0001) but a higher rate of alcohol consumption (40.0% vs. 19.3%, P < 0.0001) than Han Chinese carriers. The prevalence of HBV genotype B in aboriginal carriers (92.7%) was significantly higher than that in Han Chinese carriers (72.7%) in all age groups (P < 0.05). In addition, patients with rare genotype D infections were clustered in a township in southern Taiwan. In conclusion, aboriginal Taiwanese HBV carriers have more favorable viral factors than Han Chinese carriers, which may be partly responsible for the lower standardized mortality rate of HCC in Taiwanese aborigines.

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Alcoholism, Hepatitis B and C Viral Infections, and Impaired Liver Function among Taiwanese Aboriginal Groups

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Alcohol abuse and related factors in Asia

Alcohol abuse and related factors in Asia

Oxidative Status in Patients with Alcohol Dependence: A Clinical Study in Taiwan

Aboriginal Taiwanese hepatitis B carriers have more favorable viral factors than Han Chinese carriers

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