AldB controls persister formation in <i>Escherichia coli</i> depending on environmental stress

Kawai, Yuto; Matsumoto, Shimpei; Ling, Yiwei; Okuda, Shujiro; Tsuneda, Satoshi

doi:10.1111/1348-0421.12587

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Many toxin–antitoxin systems have been identified so far ( Schuster and Bertram, 2013 ); for example, there are at least 10 toxin–antitoxin systems in E. coli ( Yamaguchi and Inouye, 2011 ). However, a wide variety of mechanisms involved in the induction and regulation of persister cell formation have not yet been fully understood ( Amato et al, 2014 ; Harms et al, 2016 ; Rahman et al, 2017 ; Cabral et al, 2018 ; Kawai et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Memory of Persisters: Bacterial Persister Cells Can Retain Their Phenotype for Days or Weeks After Withdrawal From Colony–Biofilm Culture

et al. 2018

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Persister cells, or persisters, are a specific subpopulation of bacterial cells that have acquired temporary antibiotic-resistant phenotypes. In this study, we showed that Escherichia coli produces many more persister cells in colony–biofilm culture than in the usual liquid culture and that these persisters can be maintained in higher numbers than those from liquid culture for up to 4 weeks at 37°C in a fresh, nutrient-rich, antibiotic-containing medium, even after complete withdrawal from the colony–biofilm culture. This suggests the presence of a long-retention effect, or “memory effect”, in the persister cell state of E. coli cells. We also discovered that such increases in persisters during colony–biofilm culture and their memory effects are common, to a greater or lesser degree, in other bacterial species. This is true not only for gram-negative bacteria (Acinetobacter and Salmonella) but also for gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus and Bacillus). This is the first report to suggest the presence of a common memory mechanism for the persister cell state, which is inscribed during colony–biofilm culture, in a wide variety of bacteria.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Memory of Persisters: Bacterial Persister Cells Can Retain Their Phenotype for Days or Weeks After Withdrawal From Colony–Biofilm Culture

et al. 2018

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“…Since the persister bacteria are tolerant not only to antibiotics but also to certain stress conditions ( 23 ), we also tested the survival of the Δpnp strain under several stress conditions, including heat, acid pH, hydrogen peroxide, and hypertonic saline stress. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polynucleotide Phosphorylase Mediates a New Mechanism of Persister Formation in Escherichia coli

Zhang

et al. 2023

Microbiol Spectr

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“…AldB belongs to a group of enzymes (Aldehyde dehydrogenases), that catalyze the oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids. Currently, the function of AldB in E. coli is unclear, however its expression has been linked to persister cell formation (Kawai et al, 2018) and a short-term adaptation response to glucose limiting conditions (Franchini and Egli, 2006). The expression of AldB is also upregulated in response to ethanol stress and upon entry into stationary phase and as such has been proposed to detoxify alcohols and aldehydes that accumulate during stationary phase (Xu and Johnson, 1995;Ho and Weiner, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel modification by L/F-tRNA-protein transferase (LFTR) generates a Leu/N-degron ligand in Escherichia coli

Ottofuelling

Ninnis

Truscott

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The N-degron pathways are a set of proteolytic systems that relate the half-life of a protein to its N-terminal (Nt) residue. In Escherchia coli the principal N-degron pathway is known as the Leu/N-degron pathway of which an Nt Leu is a key feature of the degron. Although the physiological role of the Leu/N-degron pathway is currently unclear, many of the components of the pathway are well defined. Proteins degraded by this pathway contain an Nt degradation signal (N-degron) composed of an Nt primary destabilizing (Nd1) residue (Leu, Phe, Trp or Tyr) and an unstructured region which generally contains a hydrophobic element. Most N-degrons are generated from a pro-N-degron, either by endoproteolytic cleavage, or by enzymatic attachment of a Nd1 residue (Leu or Phe) to the N-terminus of a protein (or protein fragment) by the enzyme Leu/Phe tRNA protein transferase (LFTR) in a non-ribosomal manner. Regardless of the mode of generation, all Leu/N-degrons are recognized by ClpS and delivered to the ClpAP protease for degradation. To date, only two physiological Leu/N-degron bearing substrates have been verified, one of which (PATase) is modified by LFTR. In this study, we have examined the substrate proteome of LFTR during stationary phase. From this analysis, we have identified several additional physiological Leu/N-degron ligands, including AldB, which is modified by a previously undescribed activity of LFTR. Importantly, the novel specificity of LFTR was confirmed in vitro, using a range of model proteins. Our data shows that processing of the Nt-Met of AldB generates a novel substrate for LFTR. Importantly, the LFTR-dependent modification of T2-AldB is essential for its turnover by ClpAPS, in vitro. To further examine the acceptor specificity of LFTR, we performed a systematic analysis using a series of peptide arrays. These data reveal that the identity of the second residue modulates substrate conjugation with positively charged residues being favored and negatively charged and aromatic residues being disfavored. Collectively, these findings extend our understanding of LFTR specificity and the Leu/N-degron pathway in E. coli.

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AldB controls persister formation in Escherichia coli depending on environmental stress

Cited by 9 publications

References 72 publications

Bacterial Memory of Persisters: Bacterial Persister Cells Can Retain Their Phenotype for Days or Weeks After Withdrawal From Colony–Biofilm Culture

Bacterial Memory of Persisters: Bacterial Persister Cells Can Retain Their Phenotype for Days or Weeks After Withdrawal From Colony–Biofilm Culture

Polynucleotide Phosphorylase Mediates a New Mechanism of Persister Formation in Escherichia coli

Novel modification by L/F-tRNA-protein transferase (LFTR) generates a Leu/N-degron ligand in Escherichia coli

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