Aldehyde contamination of mineral water stored in PET bottles

Darowska, A; Borcz, A; Nawrocki, J.

doi:10.1080/02652030310001620441

Cited by 75 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…11 Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) coupled with o- (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine (PFBOA) derivatization is one of the most sensitive methods for determining aldehydes in water. 9,[12][13][14][15][16] The concentrations of 4 aldehydes in tap water and bottled mineral water, determined by using head space-GC/MS with PFBOA derivatization, have been reported. 13 In Japan, a method based on GC/MS with PFBOA derivatization is the recommended method for monitoring aldehydes in tap water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid and Highly Sensitive Determination of Low-Molecular-Weight Carbonyl Compounds in Drinking Water and Natural Water by Preconcentration HPLC with 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine

et al. 2006

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Low-molecular-weight (LMW) carbonyl compounds (i.e. aldehydes (RCOH) and ketones (RCOR′)) in the troposphere are mainly formed by photochemical oxidation process of anthropogenic and biogenic hydrocarbon. [1][2][3] They are also emitted directly by the combustion of fossil fuels and biomass by motor vehicles and industrial processes. 1 LMW carbonyl compounds in the atmosphere are easily dissolved in rain, cloud water and dew. 2,4 They are active participants in atmospheric chemical reactions in both gas and liquid phases, and they are involved in the generation of acids in atmospheric water. LMW carbonyl compounds are deposited on the ground and the sea surface as rain. For surface water, atmospheric deposition is one of the most important sources of formaldehyde, since the concentrations of formaldehyde in rain are higher than those in surface water such as seawater and river water, by three orders of magnitude, or more. LMW carbonyl compounds are exchanged directly between the surface water phase and the atmosphere. 3,4 In natural water, LMW carbonyl compounds are produced by the photochemical degradation of dissolved organic matter (DOM). [6][7][8] The LMW carbonyl compounds in natural water are biologically labile, because they are taken up quickly by microorganisms. 6,7 Aldehyde formation in the ozonization treatment for drinking water has been reported. The migration of carbonyl compounds from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles into commercial bottled mineral water has also been investigated. 9 In Japan, the concentration of formaldehyde in tap water is regulated at less than 80 μg/L (= 2.7 μM), and is monitored regularly.Some analytical methods have been reported for LMW carbonyl compounds in water. The 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) derivatization method, in which aldehyde-DNPH derivatives are subsequently separated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and detected by ultraviolet absorption, has been applied to rain and dew samples. 3,4 A solid phase extraction (SPE) technique has been used in attempts to lower the detection limits for aqueous samples. Kieber and Mopper have reported on the determination of picomolar concentrations of carbonyl compounds in seawater by using a DNPH derivatization/C-18 SPE cartridge with large-volume injection and large-bore column HPLC. [6][7][8] A gas chromatography (GC) method based on the DNPH derivatization was also reported, although DNPH derivatives have low volatility and poor thermal stability. 10 HPLCfluorescence using dansylacetamidooxyamine is also a sensitive method for the determination of carbonyl compounds. 11 Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) coupled with o- (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine (PFBOA) derivatization is one of the most sensitive methods for determining aldehydes in water. 9,[12][13][14][15][16] The concentrations of 4 aldehydes in tap water and bottled mineral water, determined by using head space-GC/MS with PFBOA derivatization, have been reported. 13 In Japan, a method based on GC/MS with PFBOA deriv...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid and Highly Sensitive Determination of Low-Molecular-Weight Carbonyl Compounds in Drinking Water and Natural Water by Preconcentration HPLC with 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine

et al. 2006

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“…However, there have been some concerns about the migration of monomers, starting substances, and additives from plastic food packaging materials including PET, which can negatively influence the sensory quality of packaged foodstuffs or endanger the health of consumers (Park et al 2008). In the case of PET, a large amount of researches has been conducted towards low molecular weight substances migrated into foods and food simulants, including oligomers (Kim and Lee 2012;, TPA (Kim et al 1990), EG (Kashtock and Breder 1980), ultraviolet stabilizers (Monteiro et al 1996), formaldehyde and acetaldehyde (Mutsuga et al 2006;Dabrowska et al 2003;Choodum et al 2007), plasticizers (Schmid et al 2008), and photoproducts (Wegelin et al 2001). Currently, the safety of food packaging materials including PET is controlled and supervised by relevant legislation in different countries (EC and Commission Directive No.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion-Pair-Based Air-Assisted Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for the Extraction and Preconcentration of Phthalic Acids from Aqueous Samples

2015

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In the present study, a rapid, simple, and highly efficient sample preparation method based on ion-pair airassisted liquid-liquid microextraction using a low-density extraction solvent followed by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection has been developed for the extraction, preconcentration, and determination of three phthalic acids (phthalic acid, iso-phthalic acid, and terephthalic acid) in aqueous samples. In this method, a mixture of tri-butyl amine (as an ion-pair reagent) and toluene (as an extraction solvent) is transferred into an aqueous sample solution. Fine organic solvent droplets are formed by aspirating and dispersing of the mixture via syringe needle. After that, the formed ion-pairs are extracted into toluene, and after centrifuging, the obtained collected phase is transferred into a microtube and is evaporated to dryness under a stream of nitrogen at room temperature. The residue is re-dissolved in mobile phase and injected into the separation system for analysis. Under the optimum extraction conditions, the method showed low limits of detection and quantification between 0.09-0.24 and 0.29-0.78 ng mL −1 , respectively. Extraction recoveries and enrichment factors were from 88 to 98 % and 443 to 491, respectively. Relative standard deviations for the extraction of 5 ng mL −1 of each analyte were less than 8.4 % for intra-day (n=6) and inter-days (n=5) precisions. Finally, different aqueous samples were successfully analyzed using the proposed method, and the target analytes were determined in some of them at ng mL −1 level.

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“…One of the main sources of these contaminants is the packaging material. Packaged food may contain non-intentionally added substances (NIAS), as a result of the interactions between different ingredients in the packaging materials, from degradation processes (Dąrowska et al 2003) and mainly from the impurities present in the raw materials used for their production (Aznar et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formaldehyde and heavy metal migration from rubber and metallic packaging/utensils in Korea

Kim

Lee

et al. 2014

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B

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The aim of this study was to determine the non-intentionally added substances--formaldehyde and trace metals--at 4% acetic acid conditions in rubber and metallic packaging/utensils. The temperature effect on migration in rubber and metallic packaging/utensils was monitored at 60 °C and 100 °C under acidic (pH< 3) circumstances. The concentrations were: formaldehyde--23.1 μg kg⁻¹, lead--13.41 μg kg⁻¹, cadmium--0.15 μg kg⁻¹, total arsenic--2.02 μg kg⁻¹ and nickel--2.92 μg kg⁻¹ at 60 °C and formaldehyde--148.9 μg kg⁻¹, lead--17.04 μg kg⁻¹, cadmium--0.14 μg kg⁻¹, total arsenic--7.25 μg kg⁻¹ and nickel--8.7 μg kg⁻¹ at 100 °C. A significant difference was noticed in formaldehyde and total arsenic between both temperatures (p < 0.01), which was not present in other trace metals. In conclusion, formaldehyde and total arsenic were more sensitive with cooking temperature than the other metals.

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Aldehyde contamination of mineral water stored in PET bottles

Cited by 75 publications

References 15 publications

Rapid and Highly Sensitive Determination of Low-Molecular-Weight Carbonyl Compounds in Drinking Water and Natural Water by Preconcentration HPLC with 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine

Rapid and Highly Sensitive Determination of Low-Molecular-Weight Carbonyl Compounds in Drinking Water and Natural Water by Preconcentration HPLC with 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine

Ion-Pair-Based Air-Assisted Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for the Extraction and Preconcentration of Phthalic Acids from Aqueous Samples

Formaldehyde and heavy metal migration from rubber and metallic packaging/utensils in Korea

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