ALDH2 Status and Conduct Disorder Mediate the Relationship Between Ethnicity and Alcohol Dependence in Chinese, Korean, and White American College Students.

Luczak, Susan E.; Wall, Tamara L.; Cook, Travis A. R.; Shea, Shoshana H.; Carr, Lucinda G.

doi:10.1037/0021-843x.113.2.271

Cited by 44 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Results are reported in Table 1. Consistent with previous studies (e.g., Luczak et al, 2004), significantly more Chinese Americans (49%) than Korean Americans (33%) carried at least one ALDH2*2 allele (χ 2 = 11.21, 1 df, p=.001). Chinese Americans were marginally more likely than Korean Americans to report that neither parent had ever used alcohol (23.3% vs 16.1% respectively; χ 2 = 3.50, 1 df, p = .061).…”

Section: Primary Comparisons Of Ethnic Groupssupporting

confidence: 78%

“…The lack of association between ALDH2 status and current alcohol use or heavy episodic drinking stands in contrast to findings from previous studies linking presence of the ALDH2*2 allele to reduced rates of heavy episodic drinking (Luczak et al, 2001;Takeshita and Morimoto, 1999;Wall et al, 2001), alcohol use (Takeshita and Morimoto, 1999;) and alcohol dependence (Luczak et al, 2004;Thomasson et al, 1991). In particular, in recent studies of Asian American college students, Luczak et al (2001) and Wall et al (2001) found that ALDH2 status was associated with prior 2-week and lifetime heavy episodic drinking, respectively.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

“…Compared with individuals without an ALDH2*2 allele, those possessing one or two copies demonstrate stronger physiological reactions to alcohol ingestion (Peng et al, 1999;Wall et al, 1992Wall et al, , 1994Wall et al, , 1996. Accordingly, presence of an ALDH2*2 allele has been associated with decreased rates of alcohol use (Sun et al, 2002;Wall et al, 2001), heavy episodic (binge) drinking (Luczak et al, 2001;Takeshita and Morimoto, 1999;Wall et al, 2001) and alcohol dependence Luczak et al, 2004;Thomasson et al, 1991).…”

Section: Conclusion-resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychosocial, cultural and genetic influences on alcohol use in Asian American youth.

et al. 2005

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Objective-Environmental and cultural factors, as well as a genetic variant of the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (the ALDH2*2 allele) have been identified as correlates of alcohol use among Asian Americans. However, concurrent examination of these variables has been rare. The present study assessed parental alcohol use, acculturation and ALDH2 gene status in relation to lifetime, current and heavy episodic drinking among Chinese and Korean American undergraduates.Method-Participants (N = 428, 51% women; 52% Chinese American, age 18-19 years) were firstyear college students in a longitudinal study of substance use initiation and progression. Data were collected via structured interview and self-report, and participants provided a blood sample for genotyping at the ALDH2 locus.Results-Gender, parental alcohol use and acculturation significantly predicted drinking behavior. However, none of the hypothesized moderating relationships were significant. In contrast with previous studies, ALDH2 gene status was not associated with alcohol use. Conclusions-Resultsindicate that although the variables examined influence alcohol use, moderating effects were not observed in the present sample of Asian American college students. Findings further suggest that the established association ALDH2 status and drinking behavior in Asians may not be evident in late adolescence. It is possible that ALDH2 status is associated with alcohol consumption only following initiation and increased drinking experience.Asian Americans Comprise the fastest-growing ethnic minority population in the United States (Varma and Siris, 1996); accordingly, understanding the etiology of substance use in this group is increasingly important. It has been noted that substance use prevention initiatives should attend to culture-specific factors influencing use among emergent ethnic minority populations (Castro and Alarcon, 2002;Unger et al., 2002). To accomplish this goal it is necessary to first identify such factors, as well as to determine how culture-specific variables give rise to crossethnic differences in substance use. As adolescence is often marked by initiation and escalation of substance use (O'Malley et al., 1998), studies of Asian American youth are important to the identification of etiologic factors specific to alcohol and other drug use in this population.

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Section: Primary Comparisons Of Ethnic Groupssupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

Section: Conclusion-resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychosocial, cultural and genetic influences on alcohol use in Asian American youth.

et al. 2005

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“…In Taiwan, the lifetime rate of AUDs was 7% (13% for men and 0.7% for women), whereas in South Korea it was 23% (43% for men and 3% for women). Consistent with these data, our laboratory found a lower rate of alcohol dependence among Chinese-American college students (5%), compared with Korean-American college students (13%) (Luczak et al, 2004).…”

supporting

confidence: 77%

Ethnic Differences in Level of Response to Alcohol Between Chinese Americans and Korean Americans

Duranceaux

Schuckit

Luczak

et al. 2008

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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Objective-Koreans have higher rates of alcohol-use disorders and family history of alcoholism, compared with Chinese. These differences likely reflect both environmental and genetic influences. One genetically influenced characteristic that may contribute to these ethnic differences is level of response to alcohol. Variant alleles of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1B) genes are prevalent in individuals of Asian heritage and have been associated with an increased level of response to alcohol and a decreased risk for alcohol dependence. Additionally, a low level of response to alcohol is more common in individuals with a first-degree family history of alcoholism and is predictive of increased risk for this disorder. It also is possible that sociocultural factors have an impact on an individual's response to alcohol. The current study examined self-report level of response to alcohol, ALDH2 and ADH1B, country of origin, and family history of alcoholism in 154 Chinese-and 181 Korean-American college students.Method-Participants were evaluated via in-person interviews and genotyped at the ALDH2 and ADH1B loci.Results-Ethnicity was significantly related to level of response to alcohol, with Koreans having a lower self-reported level of response than Chinese. This relationship remained significant after considering the effects of gender, height, weight, quantity and frequency of alcohol consumption (over the previous 90 days), ALDH2 genotype, ADH1B genotype, country of origin, and first-degree family history of alcohol dependence.

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“…Some East Asian ethnic groups such as Japanese and Filipino are more likely to engage in heavy drinking (9). Luczak et al (44) also reported differences in both drinking and ALDH2 *2 frequency counts between Korean and Chinese college students.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

*ALDH2**2 and peer drinking in East Asian college students

O'Shea

Thomas

Webb

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse

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Background: The ALDH2*2 allele (A-allele) at rs671 is more commonly carried by Asians and is associated with alcohol-related flushing, a strong adverse reaction to alcohol that is protective against drinking. Social factors, such as having friends who binge drink, also contribute to drinking in Asian youth. Objectives: This study examined the interplay between ALDH2*2, peer drinking, and alcohol consumption in college students. We hypothesized that the relationship between ALDH2*2 and standard grams of ethanol per month would vary based on the level of peer drinking. Methods: Subjects (N = 318, 63.25% female) were East Asian college students in the United States who reported drinking alcohol. Data were from the freshman year of a university survey that included a saliva DNA sample. ALDH2*2 status was coded ALDH2*2(+) (A/G and A/A genotypes) and ALDH2*2(−) (G/G genotype). Peer drinking was students’ perception of how many of their friends “got drunk”. Results: Main effects of ALDH2*2(−) and having more friends who got drunk were associated with greater alcohol consumption. The ALDH2*2 × peer drunkenness interaction showed a stronger positive association with alcohol consumption for ALDH2*2(−) versus ALDH2*2(+) at increasing levels of peer drunkenness. Follow-up comparisons within each peer drunkenness level identified significantly higher alcohol consumption for ALDH2*2(−) compared to ALDH2*2(+) at the all friends got drunk level.Conclusion: There was evidence of a stronger effect for ALDH2*2(−) compared to ALDH2*2(+) with greater alcohol use when students were more exposed to peer drinking. Findings contribute to a growing literature on the interrelationships between genetic influences and more permissive environments for alcohol consumption.

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ALDH2 Status and Conduct Disorder Mediate the Relationship Between Ethnicity and Alcohol Dependence in Chinese, Korean, and White American College Students.

Cited by 44 publications

References 47 publications

Psychosocial, cultural and genetic influences on alcohol use in Asian American youth.

Psychosocial, cultural and genetic influences on alcohol use in Asian American youth.

Ethnic Differences in Level of Response to Alcohol Between Chinese Americans and Korean Americans

*ALDH2**2 and peer drinking in East Asian college students

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ALDH2 Status and Conduct Disorder Mediate the Relationship Between Ethnicity and Alcohol Dependence in Chinese, Korean, and White American College Students.

Cited by 44 publications

References 47 publications

Psychosocial, cultural and genetic influences on alcohol use in Asian American youth.

Psychosocial, cultural and genetic influences on alcohol use in Asian American youth.

Ethnic Differences in Level of Response to Alcohol Between Chinese Americans and Korean Americans

ALDH2*2 and peer drinking in East Asian college students

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*ALDH2**2 and peer drinking in East Asian college students