Alert insomniacs: Are they really sleep deprived?

Chambers, Mark J.

doi:10.1016/0272-7358(93)90031-g

Cited by 68 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Self-reported insomnia and Epworth Sleepiness were both related to the self-reported attention and memory measures, but not to the behavioral attention measures. The effects for the self-report measures are consistent with reports that people with insomnia tend to overestimate the impact of sleep loss on cognitive deficits (Chambers & Keller, 1993;Harvey, 2002) and the lack of effects for the behavioral measures are consistent with frequent findings of no differences in neuropsychological functioning between people with insomnia and good-sleepers (Semler & Harvey, 2005). The lack of association of insomnia and Epworth Sleepiness scores with behavioral measures may have also arisen because subjects were able to select the time of participating and may have selected periods of self-assessed optimal functioning.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Absent-mindedness: Lapses of conscious awareness and everyday cognitive failures

Cheyne

Carriere

Smilek

2006

Consciousness and Cognition

372

303

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A brief self-report scale was developed to assess everyday performance failures arising directly or primarily from brief failures of sustained attention (attention-related cognitive errors-ARCES). The ARCES was found to be associated with a more direct measure of propensity to attention lapses (Mindful Attention Awareness Scale-MAAS) and to errors on an existing behavioral measure of sustained attention (Sustained Attention to Response Task-SART). Although the ARCES and MAAS were highly correlated, structural modelling revealed the ARCES was more directly related to SART errors and the MAAS to SART RTs, which have been hypothesized to directly reflect the lapses of attention that lead to SART errors. Thus, the MAAS and SART RTs appear to directly reflect attention lapses, whereas the ARCES and SART errors reflect the mistakes these lapses are thought to cause. Boredom proneness was also assessed by the BPS, as a separate consequence of a propensity to attention lapses. Although the ARCES was significantly associated with the BPS, this association was entirely accounted for by the MAAS, suggesting that performance errors and boredom are separate consequences of lapses in attention. A tendency to even extraordinarily brief attention lapses on the order of milliseconds may have far-reaching consequences not only for safe and efficient task performance but also for sustaining the motivation to persist in and enjoy these tasks.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Absent-mindedness: Lapses of conscious awareness and everyday cognitive failures

Cheyne

Carriere

Smilek

2006

Consciousness and Cognition

372

303

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“…The dissociation between fatigue and sleepiness ratings has been highlighted previously, with the former more frequently reported in insomnia. 71,72 Controlling for OSA severity, overweight/obese participants were more likely to belong to the IRD than the MI symptom cluster profile. Our findings report on cross-sectional data, and thus preclude inference about causal relationships between insomnia-related distress and obesity; however, these results might suggest avenues for further investigation.…”

Section: "Insomnia-related Distress" Symptom Cluster Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Patients Who Present With Insomnia: Is There Room for a Symptom Cluster-Based Approach?

Crawford

Chirinos

Iurcotta

et al. 2017

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine

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Study Objectives: This study examined empirically derived symptom cluster profiles among patients who present with insomnia using clinical data and polysomnography. Methods: Latent profile analysis was used to identify symptom cluster profiles of 175 individuals (63% female) with insomnia disorder based on total scores on validated self-report instruments of daytime and nighttime symptoms (Insomnia Severity Index, Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale, Fatigue Severity Scale, Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale), mean values from a 7-day sleep diary (sleep onset latency, wake after sleep onset, and sleep efficiency), and total sleep time derived from an in-laboratory PSG. Results:The best-fitting model had three symptom cluster profiles: "High Subjective Wakefulness" (HSW), "Mild Insomnia" (MI) and "Insomnia-Related Distress" (IRD). The HSW symptom cluster profile (26.3% of the sample) reported high wake after sleep onset, high sleep onset latency, and low sleep efficiency. Despite relatively comparable PSG-derived total sleep time, they reported greater levels of daytime sleepiness. The MI symptom cluster profile (45.1%) reported the least disturbance in the sleep diary and questionnaires and had the highest sleep efficiency. The IRD symptom cluster profile (28.6%) reported the highest mean scores on the insomnia-related distress measures (eg, sleep effort and arousal) and waking correlates (fatigue). Covariates associated with symptom cluster membership were older age for the HSW profile, greater obstructive sleep apnea severity for the MI profile, and, when adjusting for obstructive sleep apnea severity, being overweight/obese for the IRD profile. Conclusions:The heterogeneous nature of insomnia disorder is captured by this data-driven approach to identify symptom cluster profiles. The adaptation of a symptom cluster-based approach could guide tailored patient-centered management of patients presenting with insomnia, and enhance patient care. Keywords: insomnia disorder, latent profile analysis, symptom profile, symptom clusters Citation: Crawford MR, Chirinos DA, Iurcotta T, Edinger JD, Wyatt JK, Manber R, Ong JC. Characterization of patients who present with insomnia: is there room for a symptom cluster-based approach? J Clin Sleep Med. 2017;13(7):911-921. I NTRO DUCTI O NInsomnia is the experience of the difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, or early morning awakenings. About one-third to one-half of adults complains of these symptoms. Frequently, other complaints, such as sleepiness, fatigue, and hyperarousal, will occur with nocturnal sleep disturbance. An insomnia disorder is defined in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) 2 as the combination of the nocturnal sleep disturbance with one of these waking complaints at least 3 nights a week for at least 3 months. Approximately 8% to 10% of the adult population meets these criteria. 3,4Insomnia disorder is a heterogeneous condition.5 This can pose a chall...

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“…Tagalakis, Amsel, Brender, & Creti, 1998). When older subjects are divided into good and poor sleeper categories, some longitudinal studies have even suggested that sleep quality can improve over time (Libman et al, 1998;Mellinger et al, 1985; MendeIson, 1995; Monjan & Foley, 1995;Morgan et al, 1989 & Libman, 1998;Chambers & Keller, 1993;Hauri & Fisher, 1986;Zarnmit, 1988).…”

Section: Definition Of Insomniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reports such as these have lead some researchers to conclude that the daytime fatigue and sleepiness commonly attributed to poor sleep or to sleep deprivation by patients with insomnia may be more strongly associated with psychologicai variables and personality characteristics (e.g., a general tendency to cornplain of somatic distress) than to nocturnal sleep quaiity (e.g., Chambers & Keller, 1993). Another possible explanation is that subjectively experienced daytime performance and behavioral aspects of these constnicts may, in fact, not be controlled by the same physiological mechanisms.…”

Section: Definition Of Insomniamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Role of Nocturnal Cognitive Arousal in the Complaint of Insomnia Among Older Adults

Alapin¹,

Libman²,

Bailes³

et al. 2003

Behavioral Sleep Medicine

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Alert insomniacs: Are they really sleep deprived?

Cited by 68 publications

References 87 publications

Absent-mindedness: Lapses of conscious awareness and everyday cognitive failures

Absent-mindedness: Lapses of conscious awareness and everyday cognitive failures

Characterization of Patients Who Present With Insomnia: Is There Room for a Symptom Cluster-Based Approach?

Role of Nocturnal Cognitive Arousal in the Complaint of Insomnia Among Older Adults

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