ALEXANDRIUM CATENELLA (WHEDON &amp; KOFOID) BALECH, 1985, IN MAGELLAN WATERS, CHILE

Uribe, Juan Carlos; Oyarzún, Sylvia; Latorre, Valeria

doi:10.4067/s0718-686x2010000100007

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This dinoflagellate has a complex life cycle with a biannual occurrence (Molinet et al, 2003), and alternation between vegetative planktonic cells and benthic resting cysts. In Patagonian waters, the role of cyst reservoirs and encystment/excystment cycles can seed recurrence of blooms within a given area (Uribe et al, 2010;Díaz et al, 2014). However, low abundance and fast depletion of cysts within sediments (<3 months, Díaz et al, 2014) has indicated a relatively minor role for cysts in bloom development (Guzmán et al, 2002;Díaz et al, 2014), although high cyst abundance was in fact observed in certain fjords following the 2009 bloom (Mardones et al, 2016a).…”

Section: Northward Progression Of Bloomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, frequency of A. catenella blooms in the northwestern Chilean Inland Sea was weakly associated with lower temperatures but not with salinity (Díaz et al, 2014). Cultures of A. catenella isolated from Patagonian waters and maintained under controlled conditions have also shown complex relationships between temperature/salinity, growth rate and cell yields (Uribe et al, 2010;Aguilera-Belmonte et al, 2013;Avila et al, 2015). The optimal growth of Chilean strains of A. catenella (i.e., highest growth rate and highest maximal cell density) was reached within a narrow thermal range (12-15 • C), while optimal growth salinity (20-30) showed a broader range (Paredes-Mella et al, 2020).…”

Section: Oceanic and Climatic Influence?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blooms of Alexandrium catenella in Coastal Waters of Chilean Patagonia: Is Subantarctic Surface Water Involved?

2021

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At the southern tip of South America, evidence of shellfish toxicity has been recorded in the accounts of early explorers and shipwreck survivors since the late 16th Century. Blooms of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella were described in the western Magellan Strait in the early 1970s and have since shown a northward progression through Chilean Patagonia, culminating in a catastrophic toxic event around Chiloé Island in 2016. This shift has taken place through coastal areas of extremely sparse human population density, and anthropogenically driven eutrophication is therefore unlikely to be significantly involved, at least in the south. However, human activities – such as salmon cultivation – may play a role in the intensification of blooms in the more densely populated areas of northern Patagonia. In the fjords and channels of Chilean Patagonia, phytoplankton assemblages are shaped by complex interactions between freshwater (FW) run-off and intrusions of subantarctic surface water (SASW). In the context of blooms of A. catenella, we review the properties of SASW – transformed in coastal waters into modified subantarctic water (MSAW). FW input is characterized by very low concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and phosphorus (DIP), but relatively high concentrations of silicic acid (DSi); DIN and DIP are instead supplied predominantly by SASW which is severely deficient in DSi. These waters therefore show strong vertical gradients in DIN, DIP and DSi, but also potentially in dissolved trace metals and CO2. Large scale shifts in the relative inputs of SASW or FW can modify these vertical gradients, potentially forcing competitive changes in phytoplankton assemblages with latitude, with implications for growth and toxicity of A. catenella and other harmful species. The northward shift of blooms of A. catenella could be associated with anomalies in the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) that modify the influence of MSAW through variations in FW input to coastal waters. The historical presence of blooms in southern Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego, combined with the strongly contrasting conditions with latitude and depth, mean that southern Chile represents an ideal natural laboratory to study climatic and oceanographic influences on dynamics of A. catenella populations.

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Section: Northward Progression Of Bloomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Oceanic and Climatic Influence?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Blooms of Alexandrium catenella in Coastal Waters of Chilean Patagonia: Is Subantarctic Surface Water Involved?

2021

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“…Also, the structure of the water column suggested that these HABs originated from the mixture of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic surface waters, derived by wind action. Cyst germination is considered relevant in the recurrent HABs in inland seas, as well as in the fjords and MAGR channels (Uribe et al, 2010). In 2005 and 2006, another bloom in the X region occurred at 12 • C .…”

Section: Chilementioning

confidence: 99%

Paralytic Toxin Producing Dinoflagellates in Latin America: Ecology and Physiology

et al. 2019

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In this review we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding taxonomy, bloom dynamics, toxicity, autoecology, and trophic interactions, of saxitoxin producing dinoflagellates in this region. The dinoflagellates Gymnodinium catenatum, Pyrodinium bahamense and several species of Alexandrium are saxitoxin producers, and have been responsible of paralytic shellfish poisoning in different regions of Latin America, causing intoxications and important fisheries losses. The species distribution differ; most harmful algal blooms of G. catenatum are from the northern region, however this species has also been reported in central and southern regions. Blooms of P. bahamense are mostly reported in North and Central America, while blooms of Alexandrium species are more common in South America, however this genus is widely spread in Latin America. Species and regional differences are contrasted, with the aim to contribute to future guidelines for an international scientific approach for research and monitoring activities that are needed to increase our understanding of paralytic toxin producing dinoflagellates in this region.

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“…Varios estudios de laboratorio han analizado el efecto de la temperatura y la salinidad en la toxicidad y variabilidad genética de células de A. catenella (Navarro et al 2006, Garrido & Frangopulos 2012, Aguilera-Belmonte et al 2011, 2013Varela et al 2012), así como también el efecto de nutrientes como nitrógeno y fósforo en el crecimiento , perfiles de cistos y toxinas (Bustamante et al 2003, Cox et al 2008, cruzamientos y formación de quistes (Figueroa et al 2005), ciclo de vida (Uribe et al 2010), además de aspectos de biología molecular y análisis filogenético (Córdova & Müller 2002.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Para los primeros se han descrito importantes roles ecológicos: 1) forman agregaciones que pueden iniciar una nueva floración algal; 2) constituyen un mecanismo de dispersión; 3) sobreviven en condiciones ambientales adversas y 4) permiten la recombinación genética cuando provienen de reproducción sexual (Figueroa et al 2005;Seguel et al 2010b). Es importante destacar, que los quistes temporales, que se originan a partir de una célula vegetativa, ocurren cuando la microalga enfrenta condiciones de estrés ambiental (Uribe et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efecto de factores abióticos en el crecimiento vegetativo de Alexandrium catenella proveniente de quistes en laboratorio

Avila

Zarate

Clément

et al. 2015

Rev. biol. mar. oceanogr.

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ALEXANDRIUM CATENELLA (WHEDON & KOFOID) BALECH, 1985, IN MAGELLAN WATERS, CHILE

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Blooms of Alexandrium catenella in Coastal Waters of Chilean Patagonia: Is Subantarctic Surface Water Involved?

Blooms of Alexandrium catenella in Coastal Waters of Chilean Patagonia: Is Subantarctic Surface Water Involved?

Paralytic Toxin Producing Dinoflagellates in Latin America: Ecology and Physiology

Efecto de factores abióticos en el crecimiento vegetativo de Alexandrium catenella proveniente de quistes en laboratorio

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